Female-specific effects of Sdc4 deficiency on body composition and metabolic phenotypes in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. (A) Both female and male mice gained weight when fed an HFD for 14 weeks, independent of genotype. (B–G) Compared to WT mice, only female Sdc4-/- mice had more % body fat mass (Panel B), less % lean body mass (Panel C), higher levels of fasting plasma total cholesterol (Panel D), triglycerides (Panel E) and glucose (Panel F), and lower whole body insulin sensitivity (Panel G) following the 14-week diet intervention. Data represent means for n = 5–7 animals of raw data. Error bars represent standard errors. Significant comparisons were determined by post hoc Tukey’s tests at p < 0.05 and are indicated by different letters.