Table 16.
Sensitivity and specificity from different studies evaluating the detection of feline coronavirus (FCoV) spike (S) gene mutations in effusion samples. Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) was confirmed by histopathology alone, in combination with immunohistochemistry (IHC) or by immunostaining of FCoV antigen in effusion. Control cats were either healthy cats or cats with diseases other than FIP (with or without clinical signs consistent with FIP).
| Study | Sample Type | Number of Samples | Assay | Sensitivity | Specificity | Reference Standard for FIP | Control Cats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [170] | Ascites | FIP (n = 15) | RT-nPCR plus S gene sequencing | 83% | n. d. | n. d. | None |
| [160] | Ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion | FIP (n = 20) Controls (n = 23) |
RT-qPCR plus pyrosequencing | 60% | n. d. | Histopathology/IHC | Diseases other than FIP |
| [135] | CSF, aqueous humor, ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion | FIP (n = 47) Controls (n = 50) |
RT-qPCR plus pyrosequencing | 60% | 98% | Histopathology/IHC | Healthy or diseases other than FIP |
| [156] | Ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion | FIP (n = 49) Controls (n = 51) |
RT-nPCR plus S gene sequencing | 65% | n. d. | Histopathology, IHC or detection of FCoV antigen in effusion | Diseases other than FIP |
| [157] | Ascites or pleural effusion | FIP (n = 35) Controls (n = 24) |
Real-time RT-PCR | 69% | 96% | Histopathology and/or IHC | Diseases other than FIP |
| [15] | Body cavity effusions | FIP (n = 10) Controls (n = 6) |
RT-nPCR plus S gene sequencing | 40% | 83% | Histopathology/IHC | Diseases other than FIP |
| [141] | Body cavity effusions | FIP (n = 14) | Real-time RT-PCR | 64% | n. d. | Histopathology/IHC | None |
CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; n. d. = not determined; RT-PCR = reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; RT-nPCR = nested RT-PCR; RT-qPCR = quantitative RT-PCR.