Table 3.

Oxygen deficit, brain and muscle oxygenation, VO₂ per watt and rate of perceived exertion for the first three 30 s Wingate tests (mean ± SD).

		A			B			C			Treatment	Treat × Sex	Treat × Wing	Treat × Wing × Sex
Oxygen deficit (mL)	All	1625	±	542	1632	±	622	1612	±	565	0.81	0.82	0.80	0.72
	M	1962	±	556	1982	±	660	1969	±	576
	W	1289	±	232	1263	±	278	1256	±	238
Lactate (mM) L	All	11.1	±	1.9	11.3	±	2.0	11.5	±	1.9	0.46	0.059	0.83	0.16
	M	11.1	±	1.8 &	10.8	±	1.9 *	11.6	±	1.7
	W	11.2	±	2.0	11.9	±	2.1	11.3	±	2.2
TOI Frontal Lobe (%)	All	66	±	5	65	±	7	67	±	5	0.20	0.62	0.32	0.33
	M	68	±	6	67	±	7	69	±	5
	W	65	±	3	63	±	6	64	±	4
TOI Vastus Lateralis (%)	All	64.6	±	3.8	64.3	±	4.5	66.0	±	3.9	0.01	0.04	0.60	0.63
	M	63.4	±	3.7 *	62.3	±	3.9 *	65.2	±	4.5
	W	65.8	±	3.7	66.5	±	4.1	66.7	±	3.3
VO2/W (mL W−1) a, L	All	2.27	±	0.20	2.29	±	0.22	2.29	±	0.19	0.96	0.72	0.73	0.86
	M	2.28	±	0.25	2.28	±	0.26	2.26	±	0.23
	W	2.25	±	0.12	2.30	±	0.18	2.31	±	0.13
VO2/W/kg LLM (mL W−1 kg−1) b	All	0.139	±	0.034	0.140	±	0.038	0.141	±	0.035	0.93	0.50	0.42	0.72
	M	0.116	±	0.023	0.114	±	0.027	0.115	±	0.025
	W	0.162	±	0.026	0.167	±	0.027	0.166	±	0.022
RPE	All	4.5	±	1.6	4.7	±	1.5	4.7	±	1.5	0.51	0.77	0.57	0.72
	M	4.8	±	1.5	5.0	±	1.4	5.0	±	1.3
	W	4.2	±	1.7	4.3	±	1.6	4.4	±	1.6

M: men; W: women; TOI: Tissue oxygenation index; VO₂: oxygen uptake; LLM: lower extremities lean mass; RPE: rate of perceived exertion. ^a Oxygen uptake per watt during the sprints; ^b Oxygen uptake per watt and kg of lower extremities lean mass during the sprints; ^L analysis done with logarithmically transformed data; * p < 0.05 compared to placebo (C); ^& 0.05 > P < 0.10 compared to placebo. N = 39–40 for all variables.