Table 3.
Relationship between actigraphic sleep parameters and dietary intake.
| Energy, kcal | Fat, g | Protein, g | Carbohydrate, g | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) * | P Value | β (95% CI) * | P Value | β (95% CI) * | P Value | β (95% CI) * | P Value | |
| Sleep Duration (h) | ||||||||
| Weekday Continuous | −170.17 (−276.59, −63.76) |
0.002 | −11.43 (−18.59, −4.20) |
0.002 | −13.84 (−22.90, −4.75) |
0.003 | −3.14 (−9.47, 3.10) |
0.329 |
| Weekday Categorical | ||||||||
| ≥9 h | 15.79 (−459.29, 487.87) |
0.941 | 4.75 (−24.16, 33.66) |
0.713 | −9.38 (−65.27, 46.51) |
0.719 | 1.21 (−90.57, 92.80) |
0.978 |
| <9 h | −172.76 (−293.62, −51.90) |
0.001 | −11.53 (−19.66, −3.39) |
0.006 | −14.28 (−24.59, 3.97) |
0.007 | −3.35 (−10.43, 3.72) |
0.351 |
| <7 h | −883.42 (−1621.78, −145.00) |
0.020 | −62.82 (−115.09, −10.54) |
0.020 | −80.11 (−152.24, −7.98) |
0.031 | 0.86 (−21.58, 23.31) |
0.938 |
| ≥7 to <8 h | 35.81 (−286.26, 357.88) |
0.825 | 0.209 (−18.58, 19.00) |
0.982 | 4.10 (−16.14, 24.35) |
0.687 | 1.26 (−30.57, 33.11) |
0.937 |
| ≥8 to <9 h | −144.70 (−639.38, 349.97) |
0.562 | −8.23 (−39.24, 22.76) |
0.598 | −2.38 (−33.33, 28.56) |
0.878 | −11.84 (−51.58, 27.89) |
0.555 |
| Weekend Continuous | −25.57 (−100.67, 49.52) |
0.503 | −0.92 (−5.98, 4.13) |
0.506 | −2.16 (−8.56, 4.23) |
0.719 | −1.73 (−6.10, 2.63) |
0.436 |
| Weekday Categorical | ||||||||
| ≥9 h | −98.18 (−327.09, 130.72) |
0.378 | −4.72 (−17.97, 8.53) |
0.463 | −7.36 (−25.48, 10.75) |
0.403 | −7.11 (−27.39, 13.15) |
0.469 |
| <9 h | −25.60 (−104.37, 53.17) |
0.522 | −0.671 (−5.97, 4.63) |
0.803 | −1.92 (−8.63, 4.78) |
0.573 | −2.57 (−7.01, 1.95) |
0.263 |
| <7 h | −68.91 (−262.39, 124.56) |
0.476 | −3.27 (−16.88, 10.33) |
0.630 | −3.70 (−22.65, 15.25) |
0.696 | −5.36 (−11.57, 0.83) |
0.088 |
| ≥7 to <8 h | −2.73 (−80.43, 74.97) |
0.944 | 0.48 (−3.91, 4.88) |
0.826 | −1.02 (−5.18, 3.13) |
0.625 | −0.786 (−8.76, 7.19) |
0.845 |
| ≥8 to <9 h | 56.03 (−88.53, 200.61) |
0.442 | 3.26 (−6.29, 12.82) |
0.497 | 0.12 (−8.97, 9.23) |
0.978 | 7.17 (−3.41, 17.75) |
0.181 |
| Sleep Efficiency (%) | ||||||||
| Weekday | −1.49 (−13.39–10.41) |
0.805 | 0.13 (−0.67–0.93) |
0.753 | 0.14 (−0.86–1.16) |
0.775 | −0.72 (−1.41–0.04) |
0.039 |
| ≥85% | 1088.11 (−9798.81–11,975.04) |
0.842 | −27.79 (−788.26, 732.67) |
0.942 | 119.36 (−904.90, 1143.63) |
0.817 | 228.19 (−144.37, 600.75) |
0.226 |
| <85% | 63.47 (−1098.00, 1225.55) |
0.914 | 17.09 (−54.61, 88.79) |
0.638 | −14.08 (−87.27, 59.11) |
0.704 | −4.51 (−105.00, 97.43) |
0.936 |
| Weekend | −57.32 (−1113.77, −999.14) |
0.915 | 22.43 (−48.57, 93.43) |
0.534 | 27.32 (−62.62, 117.27) |
0.550 | −82.57 (−143.00–22.14) |
0.008 |
| ≥85% | 4254.11 (−5837.14–14,345.37) |
0.403 | 228.55 (−475.77, 929.87) |
0.517 | 241.58 (−672.59, 1155.76) |
0.599 | 327.31 (−3.11, 657.73) |
0.052 |
| <85% | −811.38 (−1509.00, 113.55) |
0.023 | −29.02 (−70.21, 12.17) |
0.166 | −40.48 (−82.83, 1.87) |
0.061 | −82.70 (−158.27, −7.12) |
0.032 |
| Habitual Sleep Variabity (min) | 0.46 (−2.93, 3.84) |
0.791 | −0.01 (−0.24, 0.22) |
0.917 | 0.17 (−0.11, 0.46) |
0.234 | −0.02 (−0.22, 0.18) |
0.917 |
* Association coefficients are shown as β (95% CIs). β represents the change in energy (in kcal/day) or macronutrient intake (in g/day) per each addition hour of sleep, percentage point of sleep efficiency or minute of habitual sleep variability. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval. Actigraphic and subjective sleep durations were divided into four categories.