Table 1.
Baseline demographics and stool pattern.
| HV | IBS-D | SCD | CD | p (one-way ANOVA) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 20 | 26 | 15 | 20 | |
| Female : male | 12 : 8 | 17 : 9 | 13 : 2 | 12 : 8 | |
| Age, years | 42.9 ± 15.3 | 48.5 ± 11.0** | 62.9 ± 12.9*,*** | 45.6 ± 14.1 | <0.01 |
| PHQ-15, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0–3.0) | 11.0 (7.0–13.5)* | 10.0 (8.0–11.0)* | 10.0 (4.5–14.0)* | <0.01 |
| Anxiety | 4.5 ± 2.7 | 7.7 ± 4.1 | 6.5 ± 3.7 | 8.3 ± 3.7* | 0.02 |
| Depression | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 3.3* | 4.2 ± 3.4* | 4.85 ± 2.9* | <0.01 |
| Stools/day, median (IQR) | 1.1 (1–1.6) | 2.4 (1.8–3.7)*,*** | 2.1 (1.9–3.7)* | 1.4 (1.1–1.9)** | <0.01 (Kruskal–Wallis) |
| Average stool consistency/day | 3.33 ± 0.7 | 4.5 ± 1.4* | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 1.2 | <0.01 |
Data shown are the mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise stated.
*
Adjusted p < 0.03 versus HV following multiple comparison.
**
Adjusted p < 0.03 versus SCD following multiple comparison.
***
Adjusted p < 0.03 versus CD following multiple comparison.
HV: healthy volunteers; IBS-D: irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea; SCD; scleroderma; CD: coeliac disease; ANOVA: analysis of variance; PHQ-15: Patient Health Questionnaire 15; IQR: interquartile range.