Table 3.
Meta-analysed effects of healthy ageing and self-rated health on mortality, controlling sequentially for sociodemographic and health conditions
| Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95%CI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy Ageing | Q1 quintile | Q2 quintile | Q3 quintile | Q4 quintile | Q5 quintile |
| Model 1 | 6.89 (5.81–8.17) | 2.61 (2.16–3.14) | 1.89 (1.55–2.29) | 1.26 (1.02–1.56) | reference |
| I2 = 53.4%, p = 0.057 | I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.431 | I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.615 | I2 = 29.8%, p = 0.212 | ||
| Model 2 | 4.23 (3.48–5.13) | 2.03 (1.67–2.48) | 1.60 (1.31–1.95) | 1.16 (0.94–1.44) | reference |
| I2 = 17.1%, p = 0.304 | I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.585 | I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.714 | I2 = 22.6%, p = 0.264 | ||
| Model 3 | 3.25 (2.63–4.02) | 1.88 (1.53–2.30) | 1.56 (1.27–1.91) | 1.15 (0.93–1.43) | reference |
| I2 = 28.7%, p = 0.220 | I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.524 | I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.726 | I2 = 26.0%, p = 0.239 | ||
| Self-rated health | very low | low | moderate | good | very good |
| Model 1 | 4.65 (3.53–6.13) | 2.36 (1.94–2.88) | 1.33 (1.14–1.55) | 1.06 (0.91–1.25) | reference |
| I2 = 68.0%, p = 0.008 | I2 = 73.5%, p = 0.002 | I2 = 30.4%, p = 0.207 | I2 = 57.0%, p = 0.040 | ||
| Model 2 | 4.12 (3.07–5.54) | 2.09 (1.71–2.57) | 1.24 (1.06–1.45) | 0.99 (0.85–1.17) | reference |
| I2 = 64.6%, p = 0.015 | I2 = 74.5%, p = 0.001 | I2 = 61.7%, p = 0.023 | I2 = 67.6%, p = 0.009 | ||
| Model 3 | 2.78 (2.05–3.76) | 1.68 (1.35–2.09) | 1.16 (0.98–1.36) | 0.98 (0.83–1.15) | reference |
| I2 = 55.0%, p = 0.049 | I2 = 73.9%, p = 0.002 | I2 = 51.3%, p = 0.068 | I2 = 69.9%, p = 0.005 | ||
HR hazard rate, CI confidence intervals, Q1: lowest level of healthy ageing; Q5: highest level of healthy ageing; Model 1: no adjustments; Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, education level, number of assets; Model 3: Model 2 + physical impairments, stroke, depression, dementia