Table 3.

Serum metabolite values correlated to insulin (Pearson’s correlation) for the total study population, and the carbohydrate and fasting groups separately

Metabolite	R (All)	P (All)*	R (CH)	P (CH)	R (F)	P (F)
Lactate	0.57	<0.001	0.31	0.136	0.70	<0.001
pyruvate	0.54	<0.001	0.26	0.203	0.54	0.001
Acetate	-0.53	<0.001	-0.40	0.046	-0.22	0.212
N.acetylgroups	-0.41	0.001	-0.06	0.788	0.10	0.576
Acetoacetate	-0.34	0.008	-0.04	0.847	0.21	0.221
Valine	-0.31	0.016	0.31	0.137	0.28	0.105
Lysine	-0.29	0.027	0.01	0.947	0.43	0.010
Citrate	0.28	0.029	0.27	0.192	0.50	0.002
Isoleucine	-0.28	0.030	-0.03	0.881	0.36	0.035
Glucose	0.26	0.043	0.40	0.047	-0.09	0.622
Propylene_Glycol	-0.24	0.062	0.07	0.748	0.21	0.219
Creatine	-0.23	0.075	-0.39	0.054	-0.18	0.292
Leucine	-0.23	0.079	0.17	0.425	0.25	0.149
Phenylalanine	-0.19	0.149	0.43	0.033	0.24	0.163
Glycerol	-0.19	0.152	-0.12	0.555	0.11	0.541
Alanine	0.15	0.262	0.18	0.386	0.30	0.076
Isopropyl alcohol	-0.12	0.344	0.20	0.331	0.12	0.500
3-Hydroxybutyrate	-0.10	0.442	0.12	0.562	0.36	0.035
Methanol	-0.10	0.457	-0.06	0.778	-0.05	0.761
Glutamine	-0.09	0.506	0.30	0.150	0.06	0.737
Creatinine	-0.08	0.543	0.23	0.263	-0.05	0.755
Threonine	-0.08	0.567	0.10	0.627	0.32	0.062
Acetone	0.04	0.780	0.15	0.489	0.39	0.019
Proline	-0.04	0.789	0.11	0.593	-0.03	0.880
Glycoproteins	0.02	0.873	0.06	0.787	0.49	0.003
Asparagine	-0.01	0.923	-0.05	0.818	0.47	0.005
Methionine	0.01	0.941	0.37	0.067	0.08	0.653
Dimethylsulfone	0.00	0.997	0.17	0.404	0.05	0.777

Abbreviations: CH Carbohydrate group, F Fasting group, P Pearson’s correlation p-value, R Pearson’s correlation R value.

*Significant at p ≤ 0.043 after Benjamini-Hochberg correction

** Significant at p ≤ 0.03 after Benjamini-Hochberg correction

*** Significant at p ≤ 0.035 after Benjamini-Hochberg correction