Table 3.
Five-year prevalence of symptom groups in patients prior to psychosis and matched participants
| Symptom group | FEP patients (n = 3045) | Matched participants (n = 12,180) | Crude odds ratio (95% CI)‡ | Adjusted odds ratio‡* (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n† | 5-year prevalence (%) | n† | 5-year prevalence (%) | |||
| Psychological symptom | ||||||
| Mood-related symptom | 1473 | 48.4 | 1275 | 10.5 | 10.1 (9.12, 11.3) | 7.60 (6.75, 8.56) |
| ‘Neurotic’ symptom | 1133 | 37.2 | 1106 | 9.1 | 6.54 (5.89, 7.27) | 4.87 (4.35, 5.47) |
| Behavioural change | 490 | 16.1 | 657 | 5.4 | 3.53 (3.08, 4.05) | 2.67 (2.30, 3.09) |
| Change in volition | 394 | 12.9 | 923 | 7.6 | 1.88 (1.64, 2.16) | 1.33 (1.14, 1.55) |
| Perceptual problem | 162 | 5.3 | 5 | 0.04 | 130 (53.7, 313) | 112 (44.4, 283) |
| Cognitive change | 38 | 1.3 | 30 | 0.3 | 5.41 (3.35, 8.75) | 3.80 (2.04, 7.09) |
| Substance misuse | 338 | 11.1 | 134 | 1.1 | 13.0 (10.4, 16.4) | 8.09 (6.36, 10.3) |
| Physical symptom | 939 | 30.8 | 1926 | 15.8 | 2.70 (2.43, 2.99) | 1.80 (1.61, 2.02) |
FEP first episode psychosis, CI confidence interval
†Number of individuals with recorded symptom in the 5-year period before the index date
‡Conditional logistic regression analyses with cluster-robust variance estimator
*Adjusted for smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI morbidity burden, and specific co-morbid conditions (including respiratory condition, musculoskeletal pain, and injury and major trauma), in addition to matched year of birth (age), gender, and practice