Table 4.

List of potential candidate genes and anchoring markers associated with eight phenotypic traits under hot environment.

Trait	Dataset	SNP	−log10(p)	Effect	PVE	Allele	Gene-ID	Annotation
SF	BLUEA	S1B_597446331	4.18	−4.85	0.09	A/T	TraesCS1B01G366100	DUF616 family protein
SF	BLUEA	S3B_768483625	4.24	3.22	0.08	T/C	TraesCS3B01G526100	Endo-1,3-beta-glucanase
SF	BLUEC, BLUEA	S6B_238165774	5.15	4.12	0.10	A/G	TraesCS6B01G199000	Alpha/beta-Hydrolases superfamily protein
SF	BLUEC	S7D_1548220	4.27	−3.38	0.08	A/C	TraesCS7D01G002400	Protein kinase, putative
GY	BLUEC	S2A_726414492	4.16	250.01	0.28	A/C	TraesCS2A01G494600	XH/XS domain protein
GY	BLUEC	S3A_12487841	4.06	130.33	0.27	A/T	TraesCS3A01G022000	Sulfotransferase
GN	BLUEQ	S2B_692461029	4.64	−618.9	0.13	G/T	TraesCS2B01G495700	RNA-binding family protein
GN	BLUEQ	S4B_13299920	4.72	411.91	0.12	T/C	TraesCS4B01G018400	Senescence-associated family protein, putative (DUF581)
GN	BLUEQ	S5A_605144047	4.14	643.69	0.12	T/C	TraesCS5A01G416300	Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase
GN	BLUEQ	S6B_564061696	4.04	401.04	0.12	T/C	TraesCS6B01G316000	Cellulose synthase, putative
TGW	BLUEQ, BLUEA	S1B_272880854	4.81	1.46	0.30	C/G	TraesCS1B01G159900	RING finger and CHY zinc finger protein
TGW	BLUEA	S1B_280209703	4.36	1.42	0.29	G/T	TraesCS1B01G162600	Adenine nucleotide alpha hydrolases-like superfamily protein, putative
TGW	BLUEQ	S1B_343349481	4.11	1.59	0.29	G/T	TraesCS1B01G191900	Protein XRI1
TGW	BLUEA	S1B_587501379	4.32	−1.59	0.30	G/A	TraesCS1B01G357600	Histone H2B
TGW	BLUEC	S2B_93702429	4.8	−2.52	0.26	C/A	TraesCS2B01G125400	Heat shock 70 kDa protein
TGW	BLUEA	S4A_668108005	4	1.40	0.29	A/G	TraesCS4A01G391300	wall-associated receptor Kinase-like protein
TGW	BLUEQ, BLUEA	S5A_605144047	5.05	−1.64	0.28	T/C	TraesCS5A01G416300	Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase
TGW	BLUEA	S6B_152196843	4.05	−1.11	0.30	C/A	TraesCS6B01G151200	CASP-like protein
TGW	BLUEQ, BLUEA	S7A_27206610	4.55	1.60	0.31	A/G	TraesCS7A01G056500	Transmembrane protein, putative
TGW	BLUEQ	S7D_18808932	4.04	1.15	0.27	C/T	TraesCS7D01G036900	Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase
SPK	BLUEA	S2A_717557255	4.06	−6.61	0.10	G/A	TraesCS2A01G479200	F-box family protein
SPK	BLUEQ, BLUEA	S6B_148823518	4.96	−6.53	0.11	A/G	TraesCS6B01G147700	ATP-dependent DNA helicase MER3-like protein
SPK	BLUEQ	S6B_484538781	4.29	−5.11	0.08	A/G	TraesCS6B01G269100	Lysophospholipid acyltransferase
SPK	BLUEQ	S6B_699027892	4.36	−7.07	0.08	G/A	TraesCS6B01G431300	Receptor-like kinase
SHI	BLUEA	S1B_597446331	4.88	−0.87	0.11	A/T	TraesCS1B01G366100	DUF616 family protein
SHI	BLUEA	S2B_776888645	4.57	0.80	0.10	C/A	TraesCS2B01G591500	Auxin-responsive protein
SHI	BLUEA	S3B_578403246	4.86	−0.92	0.11	C/T	TraesCS3B01G365900	Calmodulin-related protein
SHI	BLUEC	S3D_567747621	4.78	−0.71	0.12	G/T	TraesCS3D01G463600	Wall-associated receptor kinase 2
SHI	BLUEA	S4A_4156017	4.43	0.92	0.11	G/A	TraesCS4A01G006400	Flavin-containing monooxygenase
SHI	BLUEC	S7A_479346340	4.14	−1.20	0.13	A/C	TraesCS7A01G329300	High mobility group family
HI	BLUEQ, BLUEA	S5B_421762510	4.01	2.19	0.24	G/A	TraesCS5B01G242300	Carboxypeptidase

SF, spike fertility (grains g⁻¹ chaff weight); GY, grain yield (kg h⁻¹); GN, grain number m⁻²; TGW, thousand grain weight (g); GFR, grain filling rate (kg h⁻¹ days); SPK, number of spikes m⁻²; SHI, spike harvest index; HI, harvest index; PVE, proportion phenotypic variance explained.