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. 2019 Nov 29;10:1566. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01566

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Copyright © 2019 Colono, Ortiz, Permingeat, Souza Canada, Siena, Spoto, Galdeano, Espinoza, Leblanc and Pessino

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cytoembryological analysis of antisense and control plants. (A, B): meiotic embryo sacs with antipodal cells at the chalazal pole (A: wild type; B: plant E2.9). (C, D): adjacent planes of an ovule of obligate aposporous plant Q4117 carrying non-reduced AES; note the coexistence of proembryos arising from parthenogenesis with non-fertilized polar nuclei. (E, F): several gametophytes without antipodal cells (AES-like) coexisting in the same ovule (E: plant E2.9; F: plant E2.13) (images of different focal planes are available in Supplementary Data Sheet 3 ). (G, H): single AES-like gametophyte without antipodal cells (G: plant E2.13; H: plant E2.9). pn, polar nuclei; syn, synergid cells; ec, egg cell; an, antipodal cells; ea, egg apparatus; pro, proembryo.