Table 4.
Change in Psychosocial Outcomes in Participants with Baseline PHQ-9 > 5 (N = 20).
| PHQ-9 (Depression) | Change at 3 months | Change at 9 months | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Adjusted difference (95% CI) | Mean (SD) | Adjusted difference (95% CI) | |
| MBSR | −3.93 (4.1) | −2.71 (−7.42, 1.99) | −3.27 (5.02) | 0.73 (−4.85, 6.31) |
| Control | −1.5 (2.89) | −4.0 (5.05) | ||
| GAD-7 (Anxiety) | ||||
| MBSR | −3.93 (5.65) | −3.61 (−9.83, 2.62) | −2.6 (5.91) | −1.23 (−6.94, 4.48) |
| Control | −0.75 (2.36) | −1.37 (3.44) | ||
| Perceived Stress Scale | ||||
| MBSR | −5.73 (6.12) | −5.16 (−12.26, 1.94) | −4.53 (9.46) | −2.53 (−11.77, 6.71) |
| Control | −0.75 (3.59) | −2.0 (5.34) | ||
| Mentally unhealthy days in the last month | ||||
| MBSR | −6.2 (9.04) | −8.24 (−17.90, 1.42)‡ | −3.93 (11.9) | −5.93 (−17.78, 5.92) |
| Control | 1.0 (5.72) | 2.0 (5.66) | ||
| Self-rated health | ||||
| MBSR | −0.33 (0.82) | −0.33 (−1.35, 0.68) | −0.33 (0.9) | −0.13 (−1.13, 0.86) |
| Control | 0.0 (0.82) | −0.2 (0.84) | ||
The subgroup with baseline PHQ-9 scores of 5 or greater included 20 participants, 15 of whom had been randomized to the MBSR intervention group and 5 of whom had been randomized to the Control group.
‡p = 0.089
Each measure is scored such that a higher score indicates more depressive symptoms, anxiety, etc. Values shown are means (SD) for 3-month and 9-month changes in the measures listed, and differences in change scores (95% CI) between the MBSR and control groups, adjusted for the randomization strata (i.e., concurrent enrollment in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation [yes/no] at baseline). All change scores are calculated by subtracting the baseline value from the follow-up value at 3-months and at 9-months for a given measure. Thus, a negative change score reflects an improvement in these indicators from baseline whereas a positive change score represents a worsening of symptoms from baseline.