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. 2019 Sep 11;27(2):645–652. doi: 10.1007/s40199-019-00294-z

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

Involvement of G protein coupled receptor(s). The involvement of Gi/o coupled receptors in mediating Propionic Acid (PA) effects on adipokines expression was determined by blocking the Gi /o signaling pathway with pertussis toxin (PTX). Human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) explants of each subject were incubated in triplicate with PTX (100 ng / ml) for 2 h before incubation for 24 h with or without 3 mM PA. Protein (TNF-α and IP-10) and mRNA expression (CD163 and MMP-9) levels were determined using ELISA and RT-PCR respectively. Results were depicted as relative quantities compared with controls (without PA). (N = 5). **, P < 0.01, ***, P < 0.001 vs. control (without PA; C). M, mean