Fig. 2.

VK3-OH induces cell death in neuroblastoma cells.

(A) IMR32 cells were treated with VK3-OH. Twenty-four hours after treatment, live cells and dead cells were identified by LIVE/DEAD cell viability assay. Representative images showed the results of the assay. Ethidium homodimer-1 (EthD-1)-positive and calcein AM-positive indicated dead cells and live cells, respectively (top). Each column showed the cell ratio. Data represented the mean ± SD of three independent experiments (bottom; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). DMSO was used as a control.

(B) IMR32 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of VK3-OH. Twenty-four hours after treatment, cells were treated with Hoechst 33342. Representative phase-contrast images (top) and fluorescence images (bottom) of IMR32 cells were taken. DMSO was used as a control. Bar, 20 μm.