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. 2019 Oct 31;13(5):803–816. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.10.005

Figure 1.

Figure 1

hiPSC-Derived Endothelial Cells Do Not Show a Functional Response to Shear Stress Accompanied by an Insufficient Glycocalyx

(A) PCA plot of expression of all genes acquired from RNA sequencing of hiPSC NCRM1, mature ECs (hMVECs), and hiPSC-ECs NCRM1/L72/L99 in static conditions and after exposure to flow.

(B–D) Representative cross-sectional confocal images stained for VE-cadherin (red) and Hoechst (blue) after 4 days of laminar flow (5 dyne/cm2) culture of hMVECs and hiPSC-EC NCRM1 show the alignment of cells to flow (B). Quantification of cell alignment after 4 days of laminar flow culture of hMVECs and hiPSC-ECs (100 cells/group) (C). Quantification of adherence junction remodeling as the ratio of unstable focal adherence junction (FAJ) over total adherence junction length after 4 days of laminar flow culture of hMVECs and hiPSC-ECs (50 cells/group) (D).

(E and F) Representative cross-sectional and side-view confocal images stained for components of the glycocalyx (E). Hyaluronan (Neurocan, red), lectin (LEA, green) and heparan sulfate (JM403, green) after 4 days of laminar flow (5 dyne/cm2) culture of hMVECs and hiPSC-EC NCRM1 (E). Quantification of luminal thickness of hyaluronan, lectin Lycopersicon esculentum, and heparan sulfates after 4 days of laminar flow of hMVECs and hiPSC-ECs (8–16 cells/group) (F).

Values are presented as mean ± SEM of n = 3–6 independent experiments. Non-paired two-tailed Student's t test was performed; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.001, ∗∗∗p < 0.0001.