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. 2019 Nov 14;5(11):e02792. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02792

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Temporal expression profiles of Aqp5 and Ano1 in submandibular glands under LD and DD conditions. Gene expression levels of (A) Aqp5 and (C) Ano1 at 6 h intervals in zeitgeber time (ZT) under the LD condition. Gene expression levels of (B) Aqp5 and (D) Ano1 at 6 h intervals in circadian time (CT) under the DD condition. The horizontal white and black bars indicate light and dark phases (shown by gray), respectively. The mRNA levels are displayed as the mean ± SD of five replicates per time-point (n = 5). P-values were calculated by one-way ANOVA and results were considered significant at p < 0.05. The Bonferroni test for post hoc comparisons was performed and p < 0.05 were considered significant differences compare to CT0 (or ZT0) are indicated as ‘*’. Rhythmicity was determined using CircWave (p < 0.05) at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). Aqp5 and Ano1 showed rhythmic mRNA expression patterns in both LD and DD conditions. The peak times of Aqp5 and Ano1 expressions under the DD condition occurred 6 h earlier than that under the LD condition.