Schmiedel 2015.
Methods | Design: cluster‐RT Groups: intervention group (diabetes prevention); control group (no treatment) |
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Participants | Pharmacies: 22 (11 intervention; 11 control) Pharmacy worker: pharmacists ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Pharmacy user: 1092 (565 intervention; 575 control)
Setting: unclear Country: Germany (Bavaria) |
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Interventions |
Pharmacy worker‐directed intervention: half day training on behaviour change + 1 day on how to conduct the trial
Pharmacy worker control: 1 day training on how to conduct the trial ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Pharmacy user‐directed intervention: 3 individual counselling sessions and 5 group lectures covering diabetes and lifestyle issues and personalised goals. Provided written information on healthy diet and physical activity
Pharmacy user control: assessed and informed about their health status but no further counselling. |
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Outcomes |
Pharmacy worker:
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Pharmacy user:
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Notes | Study/intervention name: GLICEMIA (this is the program name not an acronym) Funding source: Dr August and Dr Anni Lesmuller‐Stiftung Foundation, the Bavarian State Ministry of Public Health and Care Services (through the funding and health promotion initiative Gesund Leben Bayern), the Bavarian State Corporate Health Insurers, and the funding initiative for prevention (Forderinitiative Pravention eV). |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No method specified |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
Baseline outcome measures similar | Low risk | No significant differences |
Baseline characteristics similar | Low risk | No significant differences |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Missing data imputed |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not reported |
Protection against contamination | Low risk | Multi‐centre cluster‐RT |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | None noted |
Other bias | Low risk | None noted |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not blinded |