Figure 8.

(a) Compared to the C2C12 murine myotubes growing in normal differentiation media and (b) conditioned media of the C26 cells with control challenge, (c) the conditioned media of the flagellin-challenged C26 cells deteriorated and dedifferentiated the multinucleated myotubes into mononucleated myoblasts after 48 h of exposure. The images are hematoxylin & eosin stainings at 4× magnification. The scale bar is 0.5 mm. Red arrows point to the field where myotubes are detached. Yellow arrows point to areas where the myotubes are dedifferentiated. (d) Compared to the exposure with the conditioned media of vehicle-treated C26 cells (control), the media of flagellin-treated cells decreased the number of C2C12 myotubes after 72 h of exposure. The scoring of myotubes vs. dedifferentiated myoblasts was based on whether they were multinucleated or mononucleated, respectively. The number of myotubes in each coverslip was counted manually using three to five (depending on the extent of detachment of myotubes) random fields that with 4× magnification, which practically covered the entire coverslip. CM = conditioned media. * Denotes statistically significant difference.