Table 1.

GOLD diagnosis of COPD and initial treatment options

group a: low risk, less symptoms	group b: low risk, more symptoms
History of 0 or 1 moderate exacerbation (not requiring hospitalization)	History of 0 or 1 moderate exacerbation (not requiring hospitalization)
CAT < 10	CAT ≥ 10
mMRC 0–1	mMRC ≥ 2
Treatments:	Treatments:
Bronchodilator	LABA LAMA
group c: high risk, less symptoms	group d: high risk, more symptoms
History of ≥2 moderate exacerbations or ≥1 requiring hospitalization	History of ≥2 moderate exacerbations ≥1 requiring hospitalization
CAT < 10	CAT ≥ 10
mMRC 0–1	mMRC ≥ 2
Treatments:	Treatments:
LAMA	LAMA
	LAMA + LABA (suggested when CAT > 20)
	LABA + ICS (suggested when eosinophils > 300)

Adapted from GOLD guidelines2 with permission.

CAT, COPD Assessment Test; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long‐acting β2‐adrenoreceptor agonist; LAMA, long‐acting muscarinic antagonist; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council.