Table 1.
Clinical features and prognosis for the AIT-free patients and those receiving AIT
| Missing data | AIT-free patients n = 275 | Patients receiving AIT during their ICU stay n = 585 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 1/4 | 166 (61) | 386 (66) | NS |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 3/4 | 55 [40–71] | 59 [48–72] | < 0.01 |
| Underlying diseases | ||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 0 | 45 (16) | 91 (16) | NS |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 0 | 157 (57) | 342 (58) | NS |
| Respiratory disease, n (%) | 0 | 44 (16) | 100 (17) | NS |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 0 | 24 (9) | 31 (5) | NS |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 0/1 | 30 (11) | 63 (11) | NS |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0 | 137 (50) | 251 (43) | NS |
| Alcoholism, n (%) | 0/1 | 128 (47) | 247 (42) | NS |
| Attributable cause of pancreatitis | ||||
| Alcoholism, n (%) | 0 | 80 (29) | 146 (25) | NS |
| Gallstones, n (%) | 0 | 97 (35) | 247 (42) | NS |
| Post-ERCP, n (%) | 0 | 9 (3) | 47 (8) | < 0.01 |
| Hypertriglyceridaemia, n (%) | 0 | 26 (9) | 31 (5) | < 0.05 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 0 | 8 (3) | 6 (1) | NS |
| Toxic, n (%) | 0 | 4 (1) | 17 (3) | NS |
| Undetermined, n (%) | 0 | 51 (19) | 96 (16) | NS |
| Clinical presentation on admission | ||||
| Pain onset/ICU admission interval, days, median [IQR] | 0 | 2 [1–3] | 3 [1–8] | < 0.001 |
| Oliguria/anuria, n (%) | 0 | 120 (44) | 253 (43) | NS |
| BISAP score, median [IQR] | 12/22 | 1 [0–1] | 1 [1–2] | < 0.001 |
| Balthazar score E, n (%) | 0 | 137 (50) | 356 (61) | < 0.01 |
| Severity criteria on admission | ||||
| SOFA score, median [IQR] | 9/14 | 3 [1–5] | 5 [3–7] | < 0.001 |
| Respiratory failure*, n (%) | 0 | 39 (14) | 207 (35) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular failure*, n (%) | 0 | 37 (13) | 202 (35) | < 0.001 |
| Renal failure*, n (%) | 0 | 43 (16) | 100 (17) | NS |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 0 | 3 (1) | 114 (19) | < 0.001 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 0 | 9 (3) | 53 (9) | < 0.01 |
| Therapeutic management on admission | ||||
| Vasoactive support, n (%) | 0/1 | 38 (14) | 207 (35) | < 0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 1/5 | 38 (14) | 187 (32) | < 0.001 |
| Fluid loading, n (%) | 2/12 | 178 (65) | 447 (78) | < 0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 1/10 | 16 (6) | 62 (11) | < 0.05 |
| Main treatments between day > 0 and day 30 | ||||
| Need for red blood cell transfusion, n (%) | 0 | 31 (11) | 195 (33) | < 0.001 |
| Number of days of mechanical ventilation | 1/2 | 0 [0–0] | 4 [0–16] | < 0.001 |
| Vasoactive support, n (%) | 0/1 | 59 (21) | 335 (57) | < 0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 1/1 | 42 (15) | 178 (30) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of RRT, days, median [IQR] | 14/0 | 2 [2–4] | 7 [2–15] | < 0.001 |
| Main complications between day > 0 and day 30 | ||||
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 0/2 | 40 (15) | 201 (34) | < 0.001 |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 24/47 | 4 (2) | 210 (39) | < 0.001 |
| Pancreatic necrosis, n (%) | 12/18 | 164 (62) | 393 (69) | < 0.05 |
| Infected necrosis, n (%) | 15/29 | 5 (2) | 200 (36) | < 0.001 |
| Gastro-intestinal perforation, n (%) | 12/32 | 4 (1) | 50 (9) | < 0.001 |
| Vascular thrombosis, n (%) | 12/26 | 22 (8) | 86 (15) | < 0.01 |
| Acute mesenteric ischaemia, n (%) | 12/28 | 25 (10) | 63 (11) | NS |
| Intra-abdominal collection, n (%) | 10/22 | 37 (14) | 242 (43) | < 0.001 |
| Abdominal compartment syndrome, n (%) | 12/26 | 17 (6) | 66 (12) | < 0.05 |
| Haemorrhage, n (%) | 11/26 | 19 (7) | 81 (14) | < 0.01 |
| Peritonitis, n (%) | 12/30 | 3 (1) | 85 (15) | < 0.001 |
| Cholangitis, n (%) | 15/25 | 2 (1) | 57 (10) | < 0.001 |
| Digestive fistula, n (%) | 12/28 | 1 (1) | 30 (5) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical management between day > 0 and day 30 | ||||
| Endoscopic necrosectomy, n (%) | 2/6 | 24 (9) | 152 (26) | < 0.001 |
| Surgical necrosectomy, n (%) | 0/6 | 32 (12) | 219 (38) | < 0.001 |
| Radiological drainage, n (%) | 0/6 | 8 (3) | 120 (21) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of ICU stay, days, median [IQR] | 0 | 3 [1–6] | 12 [4–27] | < 0.001 |
| ICU readmission, n (%) | 0/1 | 6 (2) | 50 (9) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital mortality rate, n (%) | 0 | 54 (20) | 143 (24) | NS |
| Time to death, days, median [IQR] | 0 | 1.5 [1–2] | 12 [2–34] | < 0.001 |
NS non-significant, NA not applicable, ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
*According to the definition of the SOFA score