Table 2.
Clinical features for the patients with/without anti-infective therapy on ICU admission (day 0)
| Missing data | AIT-free patients on day 0 n = 501 | Patients receiving AIT on day 0 n = 359 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 0/5 | 313 (62) | 239 (68) | NS |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 3/4 | 56 [43–71] | 60 [49–73] | < 0.01 |
| Clinical presentation on admission | ||||
| Pain onset/ICU admission interval, days, median [IQR] | 0 | 2 [1–4] | 4 [1–11] | < 0.001 |
| Oliguria/anuria, n (%) | 0 | 219 (44) | 154 (43) | NS |
| BISAP score, median [IQR] | 16/18 | 1 [0–1] | 2 [1–2] | < 0.001 |
| Balthazar score E, n (%) | 0 | 293 (58) | 200 (56) | NS |
| Severity criteria on admission | ||||
| SOFA score, median [IQR] | 10/12 | 4 [2–6] | 5 [3–7] | < 0.001 |
| Respiratory failure*, n (%) | 0 | 109 (22) | 137 (38) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular failure*, n (%) | 0 | 77 (15) | 162 (45) | < 0.001 |
| Renal failure*, n (%) | 0 | 90 (18) | 53 (15) | NS |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 0 | 7 (1) | 110 (31) | < 0.001 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 0 | 25 (5) | 37 (10) | < 0.01 |
| Therapeutic management on admission | ||||
| Vasoactive support, n (%) | 0/1 | 80 (16) | 165 (46) | < 0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 1/5 | 95 (19) | 130 (37) | < 0.001 |
| Fluid loading, n (%) | 2/12 | 348 (70) | 277 (80) | < 0.01 |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 1/10 | 36 (7) | 42 (12) | < 0.05 |
| Anti-infective therapy, n (%) | 0 | – | 359 (100) | < 0.001 |
| Main treatments between day > 0 and day 30 | ||||
| Need for red blood cell transfusion, n (%) | 0 | 110 (22) | 116 (32) | < 0.001 |
| Number of days of mechanical ventilation | 2/8 | 0 [0–9] | 2 [0–10] | < 0.001 |
| Vasoactive support, n (%) | 0/1 | 186 (37) | 208 (58) | < 0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 2/0 | 127 (25) | 93 (26) | NS |
| Duration of RRT, days, median [IQR] | 6/9 | 5 [2–14] | 5 [2–15] | NS |
| Main complications between day > 0 and day 30 | ||||
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 0/2 | 142 (28) | 99 (28) | NS |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 39/32 | 90 (19) | 124 (38) | 0.001 |
| Pancreatic necrosis, n (%) | 13/17 | 339 (69) | 218 (64) | NS |
| Infected necrosis, n (%) | 20/24 | 88 (18) | 117 (35) | < 0.001 |
| Gastro-intestinal perforation, n (%) | 20/24 | 27 (6) | 27 (8) | NS |
| Vascular thrombosis, n (%) | 16/22 | 55 (11) | 53 (16) | NS |
| Acute mesenteric ischaemia, n (%) | 18/22 | 52 (11) | 36 (11) | NS |
| Intra-abdominal collection, n (%) | 14/18 | 127 (26) | 152 (45) | < 0.001 |
| Abdominal compartment syndrome, n (%) | 16/22 | 52 (11) | 31 (9) | NS |
| Haemorrhage, n (%) | 16/21 | 53 (11) | 47 (14) | NS |
| Peritonitis, n (%) | 19/23 | 29 (6) | 59 (18) | < 0.001 |
| Cholangitis, n (%) | 21/19 | 18 (4) | 41 (12) | < 0.001 |
| Digestive fistula, n (%) | 19/21 | 11 (2) | 20 (6) | < 0.01 |
| Clinical management between day > 0 and day 30 | ||||
| Endoscopic necrosectomy, n (%) | 3/5 | 89 (18) | 87 (25) | < 0.05 |
| Surgical necrosectomy, n (%) | 1/5 | 119 (24) | 132 (37) | < 0.001 |
| Radiological drainage, n (%) | 1/5 | 56 (11) | 72 (20) | < 0.001 |
| Duration of ICU stay, days, median [IQR] | 0 | 6 [2–17] | 8 [3–21] | < 0.05 |
| ICU readmission n (%) | 0/1 | 30 (6) | 26 (7) | NS |
| Hospital mortality rate, n (%) | 0 | 104 (21) | 93 (26) | NS |
| Time to death, days, median [IQR] | 0 | 3 [1–18] | 7 [1–31] | NS |
NS non-significant, NA not applicable, AIT anti-infective therapy, ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
*According to the definition of the SOFA score