Table 1.
Demographic, medical and oral condition characteristics of study subjects by pregnancy status
| Categories | Non-Pregnant (n = 34) |
Pregnant (n = 48) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 31.8 ± 6.9 | 27.1 ± 5.1 | 0.34 | |
| Race | African American | 24% (8) | 52% (25) | < 0.001 |
| White | 53% (18) | 17% (8) | ||
| Asian | 21% (7) | 8% (4) | ||
| Others | 3% (1) | 23% (11) | ||
| Ethnicity | Hispanic | 18% (6) | 10% (5) | 0.34 |
| Non-Hispanic | 82% (28) | 93% (43) | ||
| Use of antibiotics > 1 months in the past 6 months (Yes) | 0% (0) | 4% (2) | 0.23 | |
| Diabetes (Yes) | 0% (0) | 8% (4) | 0.08 | |
| Asthma (Yes) | 9% (3) | 8% (4) | 0.94 | |
| Hypertension (Yes) | 9% (3) | 17% (8) | 0.31 | |
| Anxiety and/or depression (Yes) | 9% (3) | 19% (9) | 0.21 | |
| Smoking (Yes) | 18% (6) | 13% (6) | 0.52 | |
| Tooth brushing | Twice/daily | 82% (28) | 63% (30) | 0.11 |
| Once/daily | 15% (5) | 35% (17) | ||
| <one/daily | 3% (1) | 2% (1) | ||
| Plaque index | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 0.002 | |
| Untreated decayed teeth percentage | 47.1% (18) | 79.1% (38) | 0.01 | |
| Decayed teeth number (DT) | 3.1 ± 4.8 | 3.9 ± 3.8 | 0.33 | |
| Decayed, missing, filled teeth number (DMFT) | 6.9 ± 6.4 | 7.5 ± 4.5 | 0.09 | |
| Salivary S. mutans carriage (106 CFU/ml) | 2.1 ± 4.5 | 1.3 ± 2.1 | 0.12 | |
| Salivary S. mutans carriage | No carriage | 9% (3) | 0% (0) | 0.01 |
| 1–105 CFU/ml | 38% (13) | 19% (9) | ||
| > 105 CFU/ml | 53% (18) | 81% (39) | ||
| Salivary C. albicans carriage (103 CFU/ml) | 1.3 ± 2.6 | 1.4 ± 5.5 | 0.66 | |
| Salivary C. albicans carriage | No carriage | 44% (15) | 44% (21) | 0.63 |
| 1–400 CFU/ml | 24% (8) | 33% (16) | ||
| > 400 CFU/ml | 32% (11) | 23% (11) | ||