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. 2019 Dec 5;20:586. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2979-0

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Methods for measuring anteversion on plane anteroposterior radiographs. a Pradhan et al. (arcsin (p/0.4D)), b Lewinnek et al. (arcsin (D1/D2)), c Widmer et al. (arcsin([S]/[TL]), d Liaw et al. (sin-1 tan β), e Hassan et al. ([arcsin [(h/D) / √([m/D] – [m2/D2])]], f Ackland et al. (arcsin [2y / 2√(2Dx – x2)])