Figure 4.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress facilitates the cell migration of SRA01/04 cells. SRA01/04 cells were treated with 0.01 µM TG, 0.1 µM TM, 0.01 µM TG and 0.25 mM or 0.1 µM TM and 0.25 mM PBA for 24 h and were subsequently subjected to a wound healing assay. Untreated and dimethyl sulfoxide-treated SRA01/04 cells served as the control groups. (A) Cells that migrated into the wounded area from the border of the wound after 24 h were visualized and images were captured under an inverted phase-contrast microscope (magnification, ×10). (B) Cell migration was used to calculate the repair rate of scarification, expressed as the percentage of the gap relative to the total area of the cell-free region, using ImageJ software (n=3). *P<0.05 vs. control. TG, thapsigargin; TM, tunicamycin; PBA, 4-phenylbutyric acid; TUDCA, tauroursodeoxycholate; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; Con, control.