TABLE 2.

Reproductive outcomes of ARTs employing spermatozoa selected by AV-MACS.

Sperm origin	Oocyte origin	Sperm groups	Fertilization rate (%)	Cleavage (%)	Blastocyst (%)	Embryos transferred (n)	Clinical pregnancy (%)	Live birth rate/ET (%)	References
Fresh. oligoastheno- zoospermic	ND	DGC	69.9	88.2	85	ND	36.49	ND	Dirican et al., 2008
		AV-MACS	69.52	97.2∗	84.9		48.36∗
Cryopreserved	Donors	SU/AV-MACS	75.3 (71.6–78.9)	ND	ND	123	64.2 (55.4–72.1)	48.4 (39.6–57.1)	Romany et al., 2014
		SU	72.1 (68.6–75.7)			114	71.1 (62.1–78.6)	56.4 (47.3–65.5)
Fresh. high DNA fragmentation	Donors	DGC	76.5	89.1	41.1	146	45.5	ND	García-Ferreyra et al., 2014
		DGC/AV-MACS	74.5	98.3	50.8	107	63.2
Fresh. infertile, at least two abnormal parameters	Donors	DGC	74.78 + 3.41	ND	ND	33	24.24	ND	Ziarati et al., 2019
		MACS + DGC	76.13 + 4.38			22	54.54∗∗
Fresh. teratozoospermic	Patients. women aged ≤ 30 years	DGC/SU	70.6	100	56.5	4	50	50	Stimpfel et al., 2018
		DGC/SU/AV-MACS	65.6	95.2	41.2	4	75	50
	Patients. women aged ≥ 31 years	DGC/SU	79.8	97.5	41.1	5	20	20	Stimpfel et al., 2018
		DGC/SU/AV-MACS	69.5	97	41.4	12	16.7	16.7

All the reported cases followed ICSI. Values are expressed as % ± w/o, SEM, SD, or (interquartile range). ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01.