Table 2.
Actor and Partner Daily Level of Parenting Stress and Number of Types of Perceived Positive and Negative Couple Interactions in Mothers and Fathers in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Comparison groups.
| Positive Couple Interactions | Negative Couple Interactions | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother | Father | Mother | Father | |||||
| Unstandardized coefficients (standard error) |
F value | Unstandardize d coefficients (standard error) |
F value | Unstandardized coefficients (standard error) |
F value | Unstandardized coefficients (standard error) |
F value | |
| Level 1 | ||||||||
| Day | 0.02 (0.01) | 2.89* | 0.01 (.001) | 1.16 | −0.02 (0.01) | 2.84* | −0.02 (0.01) | 2.56* |
| Actor Daily Parenting Stress | −0.12 (0.06) | −2.06* | 0.14 (0.07) | 2.04* | 0.05 (0.04) | 1.22 | 0.07 (0.05) | 1.27 |
| X Group | 0.02 (0.05) | 0.36 | 0.07 (0.04) | 1.99* | 0.02 (0.04) | 0.61 | −0.03 (0.05) | −0.51 |
| Partner Daily Parenting Stress | −0.02 (0.06) | 0.26 | 0.05 (0.06) | 0.89 | −0.009 (0.05) | −0.20 | −0.05 (0.04) | −1.09 |
| X Group | −0.05(0.06) | 0.79 | 0.03 (0.06) | 0.60 | 0.01 (0.04) | 0.32 | 0.004 (0.04) | 0.09 |
| Actor X Partner Daily Parenting Stress | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.95 | −0.04 (0.03) | 1.54 | 0.02 (0.01) | 1.96* | 0.04 (0.02) | 2.05* |
| X Group | −0.001 (0.02) | −0.09 | −0.01 (0.02) | −0.58 | −0.01 (0.004) | −2.08* | 0.004 (0.02) | 0.22 |
| Level 2 | ||||||||
| Intercept | 3.33 (0.14) | 24.28** | 3.30 (0.15) | 22.44** | 0.87 (0.08) | 10.89** | 0.71 (0.08) | 8.43** |
| Group | −0.16 (0.11) | 1.87+ | −0.48 (0.15) | −3.25** | −0.02 (0.07) | −0.37 | −0.04 (0.07) | −0.54 |
| Child Age | −0.02 (0.04) | −0.50 | 0.01 (0.05) | 0.21 | 0.004 (0.02) | 0.21 | −0.001 (0.02) | −0.4 |
| Parent Education | −0.10 (0.06) | −1.68 | 0.05 (0.05) | 0.99 | 0.03 (0.03) | 1.01 | 0.005 (0.03) | 0.18 |
| Household Income | 0.002 (0.02) | 0.06 | −0.06 (0.03) | −1.98* | −0.03 (0.02) | −1.64 | −0.04 (0.02) | −2.28* |
| Relationship Length | −0.02 (0.02) | −1.34 | −0.04 (0.02) | −2.03* | −0.02 (0.009) | −2.27* | −0.01 (0.009) | −1.55 |
| Mean Parent Daily Parenting Stress | −0.13 (0.13) | −0.98 | 0.04 (0.13) | 0.73 | 0.19 (0.08) | 2.40* | 0.14 (0.07) | 2.03* |
Note.
+
p < .08,
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01.
Group: ASD = 1, comparison = −1. Daily time spent with partner (as reported by each parent) was significantly correlated with number of types of perceived positive couple interactions (r = .22, p = .02) but not perceived negative couple interactions (r = .14, r = .21). As a follow-up, we r-ran the above models to include daily time spent with partner in Level 1. The pattern of significant associations remained the same when this variable was included.