Table 1. Standing in challenging balance conditions.
For each of the Reference, Gain decrease and Co-adaptation strategies, the Table shows the values of stiffness, neural delay and sensorimotor gains used for the simulation, as well as the peak CoM and CoP excursion after a perturbation of arbitrary amplitude 1. All changes are shown as a percent of the reference value, except stiffness changes, which are reported in % K_crit.
| Stiffness(% Kcrit) | Delay (s) |
p (N.m/(s2.rad) |
d (N.m/(s.rad)) |
Peak CoM | Peak CoP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | 50 | 0.14 | 8.08 | 3.58 | 1.11 | 1.67 |
| Gain decrease | 50 | 0.14 | 6.87 | 3.46 | 1.13 | 1.54 |
| Co-adaptation | 63.4 | 0.14 | 6.87 | 3.46 | 1.07 | 1.58 |
| Change relative to the Reference | ||||||
| Gain decrease | 0 | 0 | - 15% | - 3.3% | + 2.0% | - 7.9% |
| Co-adaptation | + 13.4% Kcrit | 0 | - 15% | - 3.3% | - 3.6% | - 5.3% |