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. 2019 Dec 6;10:5609. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13521-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Experimental design. b–f Behavioral results. b Discrimination between +lim and -lim is assessed at different time points after the enrichment period. Non-enriched control (NE; n = 9) animals do not discriminate the +lim from −lim at T1. After enrichment, the two odorants are discriminated at T1 (n = 11), T2 (n = 5), and T3 (n = 10) but not at T4 (n = 9) and T5 (n = 5). c Dec and dodec are not discriminated at any time post-learning (NE n = 9; T1 n = 10; T2 n = 7; T3 n = 8; T4 n = 5; T5 n = 10) (for clearer representation, 1 data point belonging to the Test trial of the NE group is not shown (investigation time = 6 s)). T-test, *p < 0.05. d Adult-born neuron density in the OB in enriched experimental groups. Groups that discriminated +lim/−lim (T1–T3) have a higher BrdU-positive cell density compared to groups that do not discriminate (T4-T5) (n = 4/group), t-test *p < 0.05. e Positive correlation between the discrimination index and adult-born neuron density in the OB. f Density of activated adult-born neurons (BrdU + /Zif268 + cells) in +lim/−lim enriched groups in response to +lim (n = 4/group) or dec (n = 5/group) and in control non-enriched in response to +lim (T1 n = 2; T2 n = 4; T3 n = 2; T4 n = 3; T5 n = 4). A significant increase of double-labeled cells is observed in enriched groups in response to learned odorant (+lim) in T1–T3 compared to T4-T5. Tukey tests, * at least p < 0.05 for comparisons between enriched animals responding to +lim. Data are represented as data points and mean ± sem. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.