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. 2019 Dec 6;9:18545. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53867-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Age and relaxin’s effect on intercalated disk proteins in LV. In adult (9-months, n = 4) F-344 rats (Aa–c), β-catenin and Cx43 localized to the intercalated disks (arrows), with minimal movement of Cx43 to the lateral membranes (arrow heads). Untreated aged (24-months, n = 4) rats (Ad–f) exhibited a marked reduction in β-catenin and translocation of Cx43 to the lateral membranes. RLX treatment (n = 4) of aged animals (Ag–i) showed that RLX can reverse the effects of aging on β-catenin expression and results in trafficking of Cx43 to the intercalated disk, matching closely that seen in 9-month-old rats. (Aj–k). Quantification of β-catenin/Cx43 expression. 600x magnification, scale bars = 25 µm and apply to all panels.