Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants: The CARDIA Study (1985–2010) (n = 4133)
| Characteristics | Mean ± SD, median (IQR), or proportion (%) |
|---|---|
| LCω3PUFA (g/day) | 0.17 ± 0.19 |
| DHA (g/day) | 0.08 ±0.09 |
| EPA (g/day) | 0.06 ± 0.08 |
| Non-fried fish (serving/day) | 0.95 ± 0.98 |
| Fried fish (serving/day) | 0.06 ± 0.27 |
| Age (year) | 25.0 ± 3.6 |
| Education (year) | 13.9 ± 2.3 |
| Female (%) | 53.2 |
| Black (%) | 49.8 |
| Current smoker (%) | 28.8 |
| Alcohol intake (ml/day) | 4.8 (0 – 14.7) |
| Physical activity (EU) | 365 (200 – 577) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.6 ± 5.1 |
| Dietary intake | |
| Total energy (kcal/day) | 2802.4 ± 1312.2 |
| Magnesium (mg/day) | 396.3 ± 229.2 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 1292.6 ± 855.3 |
| Sodium (mg/day) | 4279.5 ± 2391.8 |
| Potassium (mg/day) | 3745.5 ± 1956.5 |
| Phosphorous (mg/day) | 1820.8 ± 998.9 |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 123.5 ± 15.5 |
BMI body mass index, CARDIA Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, EPA eicosapentaenoic acid, EU exercise unit, IOR inter-quartile range, LCω3PUFA long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, SD standard deviation