Table 2.
Classification of cannabinoids and some commercially available preparation
| Group | Where found | Major known Compounds | Substance found in | Trade name | Route of administration | Current uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Endo -cannibinoid |
Endogenous within body |
-Arachidonoyl ethanolamide (Anandamide) -2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) -Docosatetraenoyl-ethanolamide (DEA), -N-arachidonyldopamine (NADA), -Virodhamine, -2-arachidonylglyceryl, -noladin ether -dihomo- gamma-linolenoylethanolamide (HEA). |
||||
| Synthetic cannabinoids | Chemically synthesised |
Synthetic THC -(-) trans isomer of delta 9 THC |
Dronabinol | Marinol® | Oral capsule (formulated in sesame oil) |
US; FDA approved; -anorexia associated weight loss in AIDS patients -chemo induced nausea and vomiting * UK; not available |
| Syndros® | Liquid formulation |
US; FDA approved - anorexia associated weight loss in AIDS patients -chemo induced nausea and vomiting * |
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| Synthetic THC analogue (single molecule) | Nabilone | Cesamet® | Oral capsule |
US; FDA approved chemo induced nausea and vomiting UK; -chemo induced nausea and vomiting * |
||
| Variety; mainly aminoalkylindole derivatives ie JWH-018, UR-144, PB-22 | Legal highs | Spice, K2, eclipse | Oral Smoked | |||
|
Phyto -cannibinoid (plant derived) |
Cannabis genus; -cannabis sativa, -cannbis indica -cannabis ruderalis |
THC content varies 1-22% CBD content varies 0.05-9% |
Cannabis; Marijuana | Inhalation (commonly smoked) |
UK; Illegal US; legalised for medical use in 29 states, recreational use in 9 states |
|
|
THC content varies 1-22% CBD content varies 0.05-9% |
Cananbis; Hashish | Oral |
UK; Illegal US; legalised for medical use in 29 states, recreational use in 9 states |
|||
| Pure CBD (no psychoactive properties) | Cannabidiol |
Oral capsule Oromucosal spray |
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| Epidiolex | Oil | US;FDA approved for treatment resistant epilepsy | ||||
| 2.7mg THC and 2.5mg CBD per spray | Nabiximols | Sativex® | Oromucosal spray |
US; not approved. Approved in 30 other coutnrie UK; MHRA but not NICE approved. MS induced spasticity |
||
| 2.5mg THC, 1.25mg CBD | Cannador | Oral capsule | German based research only |
*not responded to conventional antiemetics