Table 3.

Previously reported role of the candidate genes located in the genomic regions associated with RFI in Angus

Genomic region (1 Mb)	Candidate genes	Function
BTA20 3.88–5.88	DUSP1-Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1	Up-regulated gene in muscle from efficient broilers [15] and adipose tissue from obese humans [16]
	ERGIC1 - Endoplasmic Reticulum-Golgi Intermediate Compartment 1	Associated with MMWT in cattle [10]
	RPL26L1-Ribosomal Protein L26 Like 1	Gene associated with MMWT in cattle [10] and up regulate in breast carcinoma [17]
	STK10-Serine threonine kinase 10	Significantly associated with slaughter weight in beef cattle [18]
	ATP6V0E1- ATPase H+ Transporting V0 Subunit E1	Involved in oxidative phosphorylation with up-regulation in rumen epithelium of low RFI cattle [19]
	STC2-Stanniocalcin 2	Associated with RFI and MBW in cattle [20]; possible modulator of carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle [21]. Overexpression resulted in postnatal growth restriction in mice [22]
	CPEB4- Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Protein 4	Gene associated with rib eye area in Nelore [23]. Nearby a suggestive SNP (p-value 1.38e− 05) for average daily gain in pig [24]
	NEURL1B- Neuralized E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1B	Associated with day 2 of preadipocyte differentiation in chicken [25], nearby gene to the single nucleotide variants associated with body mass index in adult humans [26], nearby gene to significant SNP for longissimus dorsi muscle area in Hanwoo cattle [27]
	BOD1- Biorientation Of Chromosomes in Cell Division 1	Inhibits PP2A-B56 regulating the function of Plk1 in mitotic cells at spindle poles and kinetochores [28]
BTA17 6.26–6.46	SDS- Serine Dehydratase, SDSL- Serine Dehydratase Like	Low expression in bovine jejunal epithelium tissue due to restricted dietary [29]
	DTX1- Deltex E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 1	Regulates transcription in the nucleus downstream the Notch receptor [30]
	SLC8B1- Solute Carrier Family 8 Member B1	Up-regulation in high-efficient broiler chickens [31]
	OAS2–2′-5′-Oligoadenylate Synthetase 2	Up-regulated in Blonde d’Aquitaine during embryonic muscle developmental when contrasting with Charolais [32]
	PTPN11- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11	Down regulated gene in high-RFI Holstein [33], and control cell proliferation in postnatal mice [34]
	RPL6- Ribosomal Protein L6	Differentially expressed gene in divergent RFI lines of pigs [35]
	LHX5- LIM Homeobox 5	Regulates the development and distribution of Cajal-Retzius cells in the developing forebrain [36]
	TPCN1- Two Pore Segment Channel 1	Mice with knock down of the Tpcn1/2 had increase body mass due to faster increase in fat mass compare with the wile mice [37]
BTA14 2.31–2.51	XKR4- XK Related 4	SNP associated with ADFI and ADG in cattle [38], and backfat thickness in Nelore [39]
	SOX17- SRY-Box 17	Transcriptional regulator of differentiation in embryonic stem cells in mouse [40]. Significant SNP associated with EBV for paternal calving ease in cattle [41]
BTA1 1.10–1.11	VEPH1- Ventricular Zone Expressed PH Domain Containing 1	Candidate gene for rump fat thickness in Nellore [9]
	PTX3- Pentraxin 3	Up-regulated in breast muscle of high-feed efficient broilers [42]
	MFSD1-Major facilitator superfamily domain containing 1	Down-regulated gene in brainstem and hypothalamus of mice raised on high-fat diet [43]
BTA6 5.41–5.61	LOC104968862 LOC104968863 -un characterize proteins	Located in the region of SNPs for rump fat thickness [39]
BTA26 7.90–9.90	MINPP1- Multiple Inositol-Polyphosphate Phosphatase 1	Maintains the levels of InsP5 and InsP6 which are essential to normal cell growth [44]
	A1CF- APOBEC1 Complementation Factor	Splicing regulator and the A1CF loss of function elevated triglycerides levels in mice [45]
	PAPSS2–3′-Phosphoadenosine 5′-Phosphosulfate Synthase 2	Gene located nearby a SNP associated with DMI in feedlot steers [46]; After treating cartilage from bovine with TGF-β, the expression of gene PAPSS2 was up-regulated in articular chondrocytes, while the expression was down-regulated in cartilage from mice with negative mutation of the TGF-β receptor [47]
	SGMS1- Sphingomyelin Synthase 1	Gene nearby a significant SNP associated with RFI in pigs [48] and average daily feed intake [49]
	ASAH2- N-Acylsphingosine Amidohydrolase 2	Up-regulated in pigs with low feed conversion ratio [50]

1Mb: 1 M base, BTA: Bos Taurus Autosome