Table 1.
Baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics in patients with PPCM and normal control subjects
| Variable | Patients with PPCM (n = 90) | Control subjects (n = 21) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variables | |||
| Age, y | 31 (25–34) | 35 (31–41) | .001 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 1.7 (1.6–2.0) | 1.7 (1.6–1.9) | .28 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.5 (23.6–33.8) | 24.3 (20.7–28.6) | .024 |
| Race, black | 27 | 5 | .011 |
| Familial history of DCM | 9 | - | - |
| NYHA functional class, I/II/III/IV | 12/46/26/17 | - | - |
| Smoking | 34 | 19 | .16 |
| Diabetes | 9 | - | |
| Hypertension | 43 | - | |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 86 (74–99) | 72 (70–75) | <.001 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 109 (100–124) | 110 (101–118) | .94 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 68 (60–80) | 68 (64–75) | .77 |
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 81 | - | |
| β-blocker | 87 | - | |
| Aldosterone blocker | 26 | - | |
| Diuretics | 71 | - | |
| Echocardiographic variables | |||
| Septal thickness, mm | 9 (7–10) | 9 (7–9) | .0034 |
| LV posterior wall thickness, mm | 9 (8–10) | 8 (7–9) | <.001 |
| LV diastolic diameter, mm | 55 (51–60) | 44 (42–49) | <.001 |
| LV systolic diameter, mm | 47 (41–52) | 31 (29–33) | <.001 |
| LV diastolic volume index, mL/m2 | 72.9 (59.0–85.7) | 43.5 (38.3–52.1) | <.001 |
| LV systolic volume index, mL/m2 | 46.3 (38.2–59.4) | 16.7 (15.2–20.6) | <.001 |
| LVEF, % | 35.6 (41.1–29.5) | 60.5 (58.0–61.6) | <.001 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 106.7 (88.8–124.8) | 61.0 (50.2–66.7) | <.001 |
| LA volume index, mL/m2 | 37.6 (31.4–46.2) | 24.7 (22.5–29.7) | <.001 |
| GLS, % | 11.4 (9.2–14.7) | 21.5 (19.2–24.5) | <.001 |
| GCS, % | 11.8 (8.6–16.6) | 28.3 (25.1–31.2) | <.001 |
ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; LA, left atrial; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
Data are expressed as percentages or as median (IQR).