1 |
General Risk and Protective Factors |
Border-bound factors that increase the risk of or protect against adolescent substance use in the community |
2 |
Drug Trafficking |
Movement, storage, or selling of drugs in the community |
2 |
Poverty/Unemployment |
Characteristics of and contributors to poverty and/or unemployment in the community |
3 |
Cross border access to substances |
Cross border mobility/ability to easily cross and purchase ATOD at age 18 (or no id), attend clubs at age 18 (or no id), and attend parties where alcohol is served to minors (on both sides of the border). Greater availability and lower cost of alcohol and prescription pharmaceuticals (on the Mexican side), increased alcohol advertising |
4 |
Border stressors |
Border militarization (e.g., law enforcement presence, U.S. Customs and Border Patrol presence, the border fence), perceived discrimination, immigration-related stress (i.e., immigration-related concerns for family, friends, or self) |
4 |
Mexican culture |
Specific cultural aspects that might be protective include the presence of strong family and social support systems, religiosity, and the ‘immigrant advantage’, which is defined as the fact that immigrants tend to be healthier, more resilient, and have strong work ethics and aspirations |