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. 2018 Jun 11;40(4):449–458. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2393

Table 2. Pharmacological effects of amantadine in animal models of depression.

Reference Animal Amantadine effective dose(mg/kg)* Treatment(route) Depression induction Animal model Results Conclusion
FST
 Moryl et al.29 Rat (male) 20, 40, 80 Acute (i.p.) FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): ↓ ambulation, peeping, rearing, and walking time Antidepressant-like effects
 Rogoz et al.37 Rat (male) (10), 20 Acute (i.p.) FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): no effect Antidepressant-like effects
 Rogoz, et al.38 Rat (male) (10), 20 Acute (i.p.) FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): no effect Antidepressant-like effects
CUMS
 Yu et al.43 Rat (male) 25 Chronic (oral) CUMS SPTMWMBody weight loss SPT: ↑ sucrose consumption MWM: ↓ escape latency Body weight loss: prevented Locomotor activity (swim velocity in MWM): no effect Antidepressant-like effects
Reserpine syndrome
 Maj et al.21 Rat (male and female) (20), 40, 80 Acute (i.p.) Reserpine 5 mg/kg Locomotor activity Catalepsy ↓ reserpine-induced hypolocomotion ↓ catalepsy Locomotor activity (AA): no effect Antidepressant-like effects
 Jurna et al.44 Rat (unspecified sex) 50 Acute (i.v.) Reserpine 10 mg/kg Electromyography ↓ muscle rigidity Locomotor activity: NE Antidepressant-like effects
 Lassen45 Rats (female) 25, 50 Acute (s.c.) Reserpine 7.5 mg/kg Locomotor activity Did not affect reserpine-induced hypolocomotion AA: ↑ locomotor activity Ineffective
 Colpaert et al.46 Rats (female) 24-110 (ED50) Acute (oral) Reserpine 40 mg/kg Hypokinesia Catalepsy Prevented reserpine-induced hypokinesia ↓ catalepsy Locomotor activity: NE Antidepressant-like effects
 Goldstein et al.47 Rats (male) 21.8 (ED50) Acute (s.c.) Reserpine 5 mg/kg Reserpine-induced hindlimb rigidity Prevented reserpine-induced rigidity Locomotor activity: NE Antidepressant-like effects
 Cox & Tha48 Mouse (male and female) (25) Acute (i.p.) Reserpine 5 mg/kg Reserpine-induced hypothermia No effect Locomotor activity: NE Ineffective
 Messiha49 Mouse (male) 100 Acute (i.p.) Reserpine 0.2 mg/kg Locomotor activity ↑ reserpine-induced hypolocomotion Locomotor activity (AA): ↓ Ineffective
 Moryl et al.29 Mouse (male) (20), 40, 80 Acute (i.p.) Reserpine 2.5 mg/kg Hypothermia ↓ reserpine-induced hypothermia Locomotor activity: NE (for mice) Antidepressant-like effects
Comorbidity
 Tan et al.50 Rat (male) 45-135 Chronic (28 days) (i.p.) Depressive-like behavior induced by traumatic brain injury SPTFST SPT: ↑ sucrose preference FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity: NE Antidepressant-like effects
Co-administration
 Skuza & Rogóz39 Rat (male) (10) Acute (i.p.) + σ1 receptor agonist SA4503 or σ2 receptor agonist siramesine FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (AA): no effect Potentiated antidepressant-like effects of σ receptor agonists
 Rogoz et al.37 Rat (male) (10) Acute (i.p.) + venlafaxine, imipramine, or fluoxetine FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): no effect or ↓ locomotor activity Potentiated antidepressant-like effects
 Rogoz et al.38 Rat (male) 20 Acute (i.p.) + imipramine FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): ↓ locomotor activity Potentiated antidepressant-like effects
 Kubera et al.51 Rat (male) (10) Acute (i.p.) + imipramine FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity: NE Potentiated antidepressant-like effects
 Skuza & Rogóz40 Rat (male) (10) Acute (i.p.) + σ1 receptor agonist SA4503 FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (AA): no effect Potentiated antidepressant-like effects of σ1 receptor agonist
 Rogóz et al.41 Rat (male) (10) Acute (i.p.) + fluoxetine FST FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity: NE Potentiated antidepressant-like effects of fluoxetine
 Skuza et al.52 Mouse (male) (10) Acute (i.p.) + σ1 receptor agonist PB190 FSTTST FST: ↓ immobility time TST: no effect Locomotor activity: NE σ1 receptor agonist had no effect on antidepressant-like effects of amantadine

AA = automated locomotor activity meter (i.e., chamber with photobeams); CUMS = chronic unpredictable mild stress; ED = effective dose; FST = forced swim test; i.p. = intraperitonial; i.v. = intravenous; MWM = Morris water maze; NE = not evaluated; OFT = open field test; s.c. = subcutaneous; SPT = sucrose preference test; TST = tail suspension test.

*

Doses in parentheses were ineffective.