Table 1. Prevalence of anxiety disorders and its association with abuse of/dependence on legal and illicit substances in young adults from the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Legal substances | Illicit substances | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tobacco | Alcohol | CNS depressants | Stimulants | Cannabis | Crack cocaine | ||||||||
n (%) | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | p-value | n (%) | p-value | |
GAD | 152 (9.7) | 55 (36.2) | 0.001 | 49 (32.2) | 0.139 | 14 (9.2) | < 0.001 | 10 (6.6) | 0.006 | 13 (8.6) | 0.001 | 3 (2.0) | 0.425 |
OCD | 51 (3.3) | 22 (43.1) | 0.004 | 22 (43.1) | 0.012 | 4 (7.8) | 0.032 | 7 (13.7) | < 0.001 | 8 (15.7) | 0.001 | 2 (3.9) | 0.167 |
PD | 39 (2.5) | 16 (41.0) | 0.03 | 12 (30.8) | 0.708 | 8 (20.5) | < 0.001 | 2 (5.1) | 0.674 | 1 (2.6) | 0.803 | 1 (2.6) | 0.872 |
SAD | 63 (4.0) | 23 (36.5) | 0.044 | 22 (34.9) | 0.184 | 7 (11.1) | < 0.001 | 4 (6.3) | 0.166 | 7 (11.1) | 0.031 | 2 (3.2) | 0.276 |
Agoraphobia | 192 (12.3) | 71 (37.0) | < 0.001 | 62 (32.3) | 0.084 | 11 (5.7) | 0.003 | 11 (5.7) | 0.014 | 17 (8.9) | 0.006 | 4 (2.1) | 0.242 |
PTSD | 32 (2.1) | 16 (50.0) | 0.002 | 11 (34.4) | 0.443 | 5 (15.6) | < 0.001 | 5 (15.6) | < 0.001 | 5 (15.6) | 0.011 | 4 (12.5) | < 0.001 |
Overall | 1,560 (100.00) | 398 (24.9) | - | 419 (26.9) | - | 37 (2.2) | - | 43 (2.8) | - | 73 (4.7) | - | 16 (1.0) | - |
CNS = central nervous system; GAD = generalized anxiety disorder; OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder; PD = panic disorder; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; SAD = social anxiety disorder.
All p-values obtained using Fisher’s exact test for the association between each anxiety disorder and abuse/dependence of each substance.
Disruptors (hallucinogens) were not included in the table because only four participants reported intake of these substances.