Table 3.
Positive findings on chest ultrasound findings versus chest X‐ray
| Finding PTB category | Positive chest ultrasound finding | Positive CXR finding | Agreement chest ultrasound and CXR positive | Positive chest ultrasound or CXR finding | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N (%) | n/N (%) | n/N (%) | n/N (%) | Ultrasound vs CXR | |
| Consolidation (≥0.5 cm) | 75/159 (47) | 83/159 (52) | 53/159 (33) | 105/159 (66) | .267 |
| Confirmed PTB | 20/36 (56) | 20/36 (56) | 15/36 (42) | 25/36 (69) | 1.000 |
| Unconfirmed PTB | 29/73 (40) | 33/73 (45) | 18/73 (25) | 44/73 (60) | .433 |
| Unlikely PTB | 26/50 (52) | 30/50 (60) | 20/50 (40) | 36/50 (72) | .317 |
| Pleural effusion | 24/159 (15) | 14/159 (9) | 13/159 (8) | 25/159 (16) | .004 |
| Confirmed PTB | 12/36 (33) | 4/36 (11) | 4/36 (11) | 12/36 (33) | .005 |
| Unconfirmed PTB | 8/73 (11) | 7/73 (10) | 6/73 (8) | 9/73 (12) | .564 |
| Unlikely PTB | 4/50 (8) | 3/50 (6) | 3/50 (6) | 4/50 (8) | .317 |
| Enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes ≥1 cm | 25/112 (22) | 10/159 (6) | 3/112 (3) | 29/159 (18) | .001 |
| Confirmed PTB | 7/24 (29) | 4/36 (11) | 0/24 (0) | 11/36 (31) | .206 |
| Unconfirmed PTB | 8/51 (16) | 6/73 (8) | 3/51 (6) | 8/73 (11) | .257 |
| Unlikely PTB | 10/37 (27) | 0/50 (0) | 0/37 (0) | 10/50 (20) | .002 |
Abbreviations: CXR, chest X‐ray; n, number of children with a positive finding; N, number of children who underwent the investigation; PTB, pulmonary tuberculosis.