Domain 1: Research team and reflexivity
|
Personal characteristics |
1. Interviewer/facilitator |
Which author/s conducted the interview or focus group? |
The lead author (TCB) conducted the interviews |
2. Credentials |
What were the researcher’s credentials? For example, PhD, MD |
The researcher had completed a BSc and an MSc prior to data collection |
3. Occupation |
What was their occupation at the time of the study? |
The researcher was a PhD student at the time of data collection |
4. Gender |
Was the researcher male or female? |
The researcher is female |
5. Experience and training |
What experience or training did the researcher have? |
The researcher had completed modules in qualitative and quantitative methods during their BSc and MSc. Further methodological training was completed during the PhD. The researcher had extensive experience working with young children and had completed previous projects with child participants |
Relationship with participants |
6. Relationship established |
Was a relationship established prior to study commencement? |
There was no relationship with participants (children and parents) prior to the study commencement |
7. Participant knowledge of the interviewer |
What did the participants know about the researcher? For example, personal goals, reasons for doing the research |
Before the interviews were conducted the researcher explained the study and their reasons for doing it to the participants |
8. Interviewer characteristics |
What characteristics were reported about the interviewer/facilitator? For example, bias, assumptions, reasons, and interests in the research topic |
The lead researcher was the interviewer in the study. Bias was reduced by using independent qualitative researchers to code a subsection of the data. No assumptions were made by the researcher. The researcher had an academic interest in the topics |
Domain 2: study design
|
Theoretical framework |
9. Methodological orientation and Theory |
What methodological orientation was stated to underpin the study? For example, grounded theory, discourse analysis, ethnography, phenomenology, content analysis |
The study was part of an embedded multiphase design encompassing qualitative and quantitative data collection. The qualitative data were analysed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis |
Participant selection |
10. Sampling |
How were participants selected? For example, purposive, convenience, consecutive, snowball |
Participants were selected through convenience sampling |
11. Method of approach |
How were participants approached? For example, face‐to‐face, telephone, mail, email |
An opt‐in recruitment method using press releases in local newspapers, advertisements in schools and on relevant websites, and through social media platforms were used to recruit participants |
12. Sample size |
How many participants were in the study? |
Thirty‐eight children and thirty‐eight parents |
13. Non‐participation |
How many people refused to participate or dropped out? Reasons? |
All participants who approached the researcher about the project participated. No one withdrew from the study |
Setting |
14. Setting of data collection |
Where was the data collected? For example, home, clinic, workplace |
The interviews were carried out either in participants’ homes or in a meeting room at the university |
15. Presence of non‐participants |
Was anyone else present besides the participants and researchers? |
One child and one parent participant were present for each interview. In a few instances a younger sibling was present during the interview when alternative childcare arrangements could not be made. The siblings did not contribute to the interview |
16. Description of sample |
What are the important characteristics of the sample? For example, demographic data, date |
The participants were children aged 7–11 (16 females and 22 males) and one parent of each child (34 mothers and 4 fathers). The participants came from a high socio‐economic (SES) background. The interviews were conducted in 2015 |
Data collection |
17. Interview guide |
Were questions, prompts, guides provided by the authors? Was it pilot tested? |
Interview questions and prompts were created by the researcher and can be found in Table 2 in the main article. The interview was pilot tested within the research team prior to data collection |
18. Repeat interviews |
Were repeat interviews carried out? If yes, how many? |
One interview per participant was carried out in the present study. Participants took part in a second brief interview in another study with the same research team (the findings of which are currently in press) |
19. Audio/visual recording |
Did the research use audio or visual recording to collect the data? |
Audio recording |
20. Field notes |
Were field notes made during and/or after the interview or focus group? |
Brief field notes were made during the interview and reflections were noted after each interview |
21. Duration |
What was the duration of the interviews or focus group? |
The length of the interviews ranged from 20 to 55 min depending on how much life stress children had experienced and their ability to expand on their answers, with the average length of the interviews being 30‐min |
22. Data saturation |
Was data saturation discussed? |
Data saturation was achieved due to the large sample size in this study |
23. Transcripts returned |
Were transcripts returned to participants for comment and/or correction? |
Transcripts were not returned to participants as this was not deemed appropriate for research conducted with young children |
Domain 3: analysis and findings
|
Data analysis |
24. Number of data coders |
How many data coders coded the data? |
The lead researcher (TCB) coded all the data extracts. Two independent qualitative researchers (HF and TH) coded six of the transcripts (15% of the data) chosen at random and inter‐coder reliability was assessed |
25. Description of the coding tree |
Did authors provide a description of the coding tree? |
A coding manual was created which included the overarching themes, the candidate themes, definitions of each theme and examples of data extracts for each candidate theme |
26. Derivation of themes |
Were themes identified in advance or derived from the data? |
The themes were derived from the data as an inductive approach to thematic analysis was taken |
27. Software |
What software, if applicable, was used to manage the data? |
NVivo version 10 |
28. Participant checking |
Did participants provide feedback on the findings? |
No, participants did not provide feedback on the findings |
Reporting |
29. Quotations presented |
Were participant quotations presented to illustrate the themes/findings? Was each quotation identified? For example, participant number |
Quotations are provided throughout the results of the paper to illustrate the themes. Each quotation is identified by the participant number and a ‘C’ for child participants and a ‘P’ for parents |
30. Data and findings consistent |
Was there consistency between the data presented and the findings? |
The themes were derived from the data therefore there is consistency between the data and findings presented. Data extracts were chosen to illustrate themes discussed in the findings |
31. Clarity of major themes |
Were major themes clearly presented in the findings? |
The four overarching themes are evident within the results and discussion |
32. Clarity of minor themes |
Is there a description of diverse cases or discussion of minor themes? |
Each overarching theme has two to four candidate themes which are clearly discussed |