Table 1.

Radiobiology experiments using short‐pulse lasers and classically generated proton beams ordered by the delivered dose rate.

	Source	Proton energy	Dose rate	Proton pulse duration	Reference
High Power Laser System	J‐Karen (17 TW, 35 fs)	2.5 MeV	0.01 Gy/ns	15 ns	Yogo et al38
	Draco (60 TW, 30 fs) Draco (100 TW, 30 fs)	15 MeV 20 MeV	0.01 Gy/ns	2 ns	Zeil et al39 Kraft et al40
	Arcturus (200 TW, 30 fs)	2.1 MeV	0.03 Gy/ns	1 ns	Raschke et al36
	Taranis (30 TW, 700 fs)	4.5 MeV	1 Gy/ns	1 ns	Doria et al41
	Atlas (30 TW, 30 fs)	5.2 MeV	4.6 Gy/ns	1 ns	Bin et al42
	PICO2000 (100 TW, 1.3 ps)	10 MeV	1 Gy/ns	1 ns	Manti et al43
Classical Accelerator	MGH Francis H. Burr Proton Beam Therapy Center, USA	230 MeV	2 Gy/min	200 ms	Schlegel et al44