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. 2019 Oct 2;78(12):1642–1652. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215751

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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(A) Comparison between diagnostic subgroups and treatment outcome at 12-month follow-up. Treatment required was divided in three groups: (1) no treatment; (2) csDMARDs only, and (3) csDMARDs ±biologics. Fisher test for analysis. (B) Comparison between pathotype and treatment outcome at 12 months. (C) Gene expression analysis, represented in a volcano plot comparison between patient requiring biologics versus non-biological group. t-Test comparison for gene difference expression between groups. Positive values represent upregulation and negative values downregulation. An adjusted (Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) correction for multiple analysis) p value of <0.01 was considered statistically significant, represented as dots above red line. Green dots above green line for gene expression significance when no correction applied for multiple analysis (p<0.05). (D) Treatment outcome according to baseline disease duration. Fisher test for analysis. (E) Pathotype according to baseline disease duration for biological patient cohort. Fisher test for analysis. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant unless otherwise stated. RA, rheumatoid arthritis; UA, undifferentiated arthritis.