TABLE 2.
Trabecular and cortical bone at the metaphyseal (3%) and diaphyseal (38%) tibia and metaphyseal (4%) and diaphyseal (50%) radius assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography from baseline to 12 mo postpartum in women receiving calcium supplementation or placebo during pregnancy1
| Visit 1 (baseline) | Visit 3 (36 wk of pregnancy) | Visit 4 (4 mo postpartum) | Visit 5 (12 mo postpartum) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium (n = 32) | Placebo (n = 32) | Calcium (n = 26) | Placebo (n = 27) | Calcium (n = 22) | Placebo (n = 23) | Calcium (n = 15) | Placebo (n = 15) | |
| Tibial distal metaphyseal site (3%), g/cm3 | ||||||||
| Total vBMD | 291 ± 28 | 296 ± 38 | 288 ± 28 | 298 ± 39 | 287 ± 27 | 292 ± 40 | 296 ± 24 | 277 ± 31 |
| Trabecular vBMD | 245 ± 28 | 253 ± 36 | 243 ± 27 | 255 ± 34 | 240 ± 24 | 251 ± 35 | 250 ± 202 | 236 ± 272 |
| Tibial proximal diaphyseal site (38%), g/cm3 | ||||||||
| Total BMD | 922 ± 57 | 932 ± 62 | 924 ± 49 | 938 ± 54 | 920 ± 52 | 935 ± 69 | 913 ± 442 | 921 ± 792 |
| Cortical vBMD | 1197 ± 22 | 1197 ± 15 | 1195 ± 20 | 1196 ± 16 | 1200 ± 17 | 1197 ± 18 | 1195 ± 182 | 1193 ± 112 |
| Radial distal metaphyseal site (4%), g/cm3 | ||||||||
| Total vBMD | 386 ± 45 | 386 ± 52 | 378 ± 43 | 389 ± 49 | 381 ± 52 | 387 ± 62 | 365 ± 35 | 379 ± 39 |
| Trabecular vBMD | 194 ± 38 | 192 ± 32 | 213 ± 37 | 219 ± 31 | 216 ± 37 | 212 ± 28 | 220 ± 49 | 202 ± 34 |
| Radial proximal diaphyseal site (50%), g/cm3 | ||||||||
| Total vBMD | 1013 ± 69 | 1002 ± 76 | 1007 ± 77 | 1003 ± 81 | 1013 ± 73 | 996 ± 87 | 1029 ± 552 | 975 ± 1002 |
| Cortical vBMD | 1209 ± 20 | 1205 ± 19 | 1199 ± 30 | 1206 ± 23 | 1206 ± 21 | 1204 ± 20 | 1214 ± 16 | 1196 ± 25 |
Values are means ± SDs for the n at each time point. Calcium: 1000-mg Ca supplement/d from 16 wk of gestation to delivery. Placebo: placebo daily from 16 wk of gestation to delivery. BMD, bone mineral density; vBMD, volumetric bone mineral density.
Group × time effects from baseline to 12 mo postpartum (visit 5) were observed for 2 variables (tibia diaphyseal cortical BMD: P = 0.015; radial diaphyseal total BMD: P = 0.029). Tibial metaphyseal trabecular BMD and diaphyseal total BMD trended (P < 0.10) toward significantly higher values in the calcium group compared with the placebo group by visit 5.