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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Res. 2019 Sep 13;85:102353. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.102353

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cross-lagged Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship between Depression and Educational Achievement (Model 1)

Note: Symbols “ach”, “dep”, “math”, and “word” represent achievement, depression, word recognition test score, and math test score; the suffix “10”, “12”, and “14” indicate the year 2010, 2012, and 2014.

In rectangles are observed variables while in circles are latent variables.

Straight arrows represent direct effects while curved arrows are correlations.

All numbers are standardized parameter estimates; all numbers except those in red are significant at least at p<0.05 level (two-tailed test).

Data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2010, 2012, 2014.