Figure 1.

Appearance of intermediate populations during reprogramming. A, SPADE analysis clustered by pluripotency markers and CD44. Populations enriched in each stage were grouped into three clusters: fibroblast-like, intermediate-like, and iPSC-like. As reprogramming proceeded, the main population was shifted downward in the SPADE tree (red arrows). The color of each circle indicates the number of cells included in each cluster. B, proportion of each population at each stage. Intermediate-like populations accounted for more than 50% of reprogramming day 10 and 20 samples, reflecting the progression of reprogramming. C, PCA plot. Down-sampled cells (5000 per sample) were placed on the principal component (PC) plane. D, PCA plot separated by sample. A population shift during the reprogramming process was observed.