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Working model for MPIase-dependent integration of Sec-independent substrates. A, the mechanism of MPIase-dependent integration in the absence of YidC. B, the mechanism of MPIase-dependent integration in the presence of YidC. MPIase, YidC, and substrates are shown. Black boxes indicate the TM region of the substrates. Positive (+) and negative (−) charges in the substrate, MPIase (pyrophosphate), and the cavity of YidC in the membranes are also shown. For details, see the text.
