Table A.
Responses to Health Literacy Knowledge Section of the HL-KES by Registered Nurses in Tehran, Iran, 2015 to 2016 (N = 190)
| Health Literacy Knowledge Items | A | B | C | D | E | F | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | |||||||
| Low health literacy levels are most prevalent among which of the following groups? (BF) | 19 (10) | 14 (7.4) | 13 (6.8) | 44 (23) | 74 (38) | 18 (8) | 182 (95.8) |
| The research on health literacy indicates that: (BF) | 66 (34.7) | 35 (18.4) | 22 (11.6) | 9 (4.7) | 11 (5.8) | 46 (24.2) | 189 (99.5) |
| What is the likelihood that a nurse working in a public health clinic primarily serving low-income minority will encounter a patient with low health literacy? (BF) | 8 (4.2) | 24 (12.6) | 70 (36.8) | 73 (38.4) | 6 (3.2) | 9 (4.7) | 190 (100) |
| The best predictor of health care status is: (BF) | 80 (42.1) | 40 (21.1) | 3 (1.6) | 57 (30) | 4 (2.1) | 6 (3.2) | 190 (100) |
| An individual with functional health literacy will be able to: (BF) | 18 (9.5) | 28 (14.7) | 49 (25) | 74 (38.9) | 7 (3.7) | 12 (6.3) | 188 (98.9) |
| The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine is an instrument utilized to: (SC) | 28 (14.7) | 19 (10) | 53 (27.9) | 14 (7.4) | 18 (9.5) | 56 (29) | 188 (100) |
| When working with individuals who have low health literacy the nurse should keep in mind that these people: (SC) | 50 (26.3) | 16 (8.4) | 79 (41) | 28 (14.7) | 4 (2.1) | 13 (6.8) | 190 (100) |
| Which of the following questions should provide the nurse with the best estimate of reading skills of the patient? (SC) | 41 (21.6) | 51 (26.8) | 56 (29.5) | 21 (11.1) | 10 (5.3) | 11 (5.8) | 190 (100) |
| Which statement best describes the Test of Functional Health literacy? This instrument is: (SC) | 35 (18.4) | 15 (7.9) | 25 (13.2) | 38 (20) | 20 (10.5) | 57 (30) | 190 (100) |
| What is the strongest advantage of conducting health literacy screenings? Health literacy screenings: (SC) | 15 (7.9) | 77 (40.5) | 44 (23.2) | 22 (11.6) | 7 (3.7) | 25 (13.2) | 190 (100) |
| Which of the following statements, made by the nurse, would be the best approach to initiating a health literacy screening with a patient? (SC) | 40 (21.1) | 27 (14.2) | 78 (41.1) | 16 (8.4) | 4 (2.1) | 25 (13.2) | 190 (100) |
| After providing written health care information to a patient he states, “Let me take this information home to read.” This may be a clue to the nurse that the patient: (EV) | 28 (14.7) | 33 (17.4) | 29 (15.3) | 77 (40.5) | 8 (4.2) | 15 (7.9) | 190 (100) |
| The most effective way for a nurse to determine how well a patient with low health literacy understands health care information is to: (EV) | 32 (16.8) | 28 (14.7) | 66 (34.7) | 47 (24.7) | 6 (3.2) | 7 (3.7) | 190 (100) |
| Which of the following is true with regard to written health care information? (GL) | 36 (18.9) | 46 (24.2) | 44 (23.2) | 40 (21.1) | 9 (4.7) | 14 (7.4) | 189 (99.5) |
| The first step in developing written health care information is to: (GL) | 21 (11.1) | 55 (28.9) | 67 (35.3) | 18 (9.5) | 11 (5.8) | 18 (9.5) | 190 (100) |
| Recommendations for developing written health care materials include: (GL) | 22 (11.2) | 67 (35.3) | 33 (17.4) | 27 (14.2) | 10 (5.3) | 30 (15.8) | 189 (99.5) |
| When listing side effects for a handout on chemotherapy the oncology nurse should limit the list to: (GL) | 31 (16.3) | 53 (27.9) | 19 (10) | 12 (6.3) | 14 (7.4) | 58 (30.5) | 187 (98.4) |
| Written healthcare information provided to a patient related to a specific disease should include: (GL) | 1 (0.5) | 60 (31.6) | 20 (10.5) | 12 (6.3) | 10 (5.3) | 33 (17.4) | 189 (99.5) |
| Which of the following would be the most effective wording for a heading in a brochure on hypertension ? (GL) | 1 (0.5) | 75 (39.5) | 40 (21.1) | 37 (19.5) | 18 (9.5) | 8 (4.2) | 189 (99.5) |
| The best way to ensure that a breast cancer prevention brochure is culturally appropriate is to: (GL) | 53 (27.9) | 37 (19.5) | 30 (15.8) | 46 (24.2) | 10 (5.3) | 13 (6.8) | 189 (99.5) |
| Which of the following instruction on the management of diabetes would be least understood by an individual with low health literacy skills? (GL) | 34 (17.9) | 84 (44.2) | 16 (8.4) | 33 (17.4) | 8 (4.2) | 12 (6.3) | 188 (98.9) |
| Which of the following approaches to patient education provides minimal opportunity for the patient to actually engage in learning? (GL) | 34 (17.9) | 39 (20.5) | 65 (34.2) | 32 (16.8) | 5 (2.6) | 14 (7.4) | 188 (98.9) |
| Patients with low health literacy skills: (CQ) | 20 (10.5) | 29 (15.3) | 10 (5.3) | 105 (55.3) | 11 (5.8) | 15 (7.9) | 190 (100) |
| Health behaviors common among patients with low health literacy skills include: (CQ) | 64 (33.7) | 18 (9.5) | 42 (22.1) | 44 (13.2) | 7 (3.7) | 14 (7.4) | 189 (99.5) |
| Patients cope with low health literacy by: (CQ) 25 | 107 (56.3) | 25 (13.2) | 15 (7.9) | 24 (12.6) | 6 (3.2) | 13 (6.8) | 190 (100) |
| The nurse should keep in mind that individuals with low health literacy skills: (CQ) 26 | 32 (16.8) | 31 (16.3) | 12 (6.3) | 94 (49.4) | 7 (3.7) | 14 (7.4) | 190 (100) |
Note. Numbers in bold represent correct answers. Numbers do not always total to 190 or 100% because of missing data. BF = basic facts on health literacy; CQ = consequences associated with low health literacy; EV = evaluation of health literacy interventions; GL = guidelines for written health materials; HL-KES = Health Literacy Knowledge Experience Survey; SC = screening limited health literacy.