Table 1.

Description of ECHO Intervention Using the Five-Step Model

Activity Type	Purpose	Sample Activities
Reading	Read, interpret, and apply health text	Read about hypertension, medication adherence, and self-care expectations
Writing	Develop writing ability related to blood pressure	Create health log, record medication information, develop and record feasible solutions to medication adherence problems
Group activity	Develop literacy and critical thinking skills	Analyze nutrition labels and recipes for sodium content; understand OTC and prescription medication labels
Critical discussion	Apply blood pressure and medication information	Apply learning to overcome barriers, solve problems, and develop support network
Application	Increase understanding of medication compliance and apply learning to own environment	Assess a nutrition label; refill a prescription at the pharmacy; use of a pill box and other visual cues
Wrap up	Reinforce key concepts	Interact with health care providers using Ask Me 3®

Note. ECHO = Empowering Change in Health Outcomes; OTC = over the counter.