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. 2019 Dec 3;7:311. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00311

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Copyright © 2019 Wang, Li, Li, Li, Zhu, Chen, Kong, Wang, Wang, Hu and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The process of cannibalism, Emperipolesis, and Entosis. (A) In the process of cannibalism, host cells actively engulf themselves or other cells, causing the internal cell death. This process involves TM9SF4, Erzin, and caveolin-1. (B) The process of emperipolesis involves the Ezrin, LFA-1, and ICAM-1. The fate of inner cells can be escaping from the host or death and host cells can also be destroyed by internal cells. (C) Entosis is a homotypic cell-in-cell phenomenon involving E/P-cadherin, Rho-ROCK-actin/myosin pathway and imbalance in actomyosin contraction. The ROCK and AMPK activity is higher in internal cells. The fate of internal cell can be death or survival.