Table 1.
Cases (n = 89) | Controls (n = 105) | Total sample (n = 194) | Statistical test (p value for χ2 or t-test: cases vs. controls) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
% Female | 89.9 | 84.8 | 87.1 | p = .57 |
Age: mean (sd) | 30.0 (11.2) | 35.0 (12.9) | 32.7 (12.4) | p = .005 |
Current antidepressant (n; %) | ||||
Fluoxetine | 3 (3.4%) | 20 (19.0%) | 23 (11.3%) | |
Citalopram or escitalopram | 11 (14.3%) | 32 (30.4%) | 43 (22.2 %) | |
Sertraline | 15 (16.9%) | 13 (13.7%) | 28 (14.4%) | |
Paroxetine | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.9%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
Venlafaxine | 23 (25.8%) | 23 (21.9%) | 46 (23.7%) | |
Other/unknown1 | 7 (7.9%) | 2 (2.0%) | 9 (4.6%) | |
Tricyclic2 | 9 (9.0%) | 2 (2.0%) | 11 (5.7%) | |
No antidepressant | 21 (23.9%) | 7 (6.9%) | 28 (14.4%) | |
Any antidepressant | 68 (76.4%) | 96 (91.4%) | 164 (84.5%) | |
Current other drugs (n, %) | ||||
Mood stabilizer3 | 3 (3.4%) | 9 (8.6%) | 9 (4.6%) | .13 |
Antipsychotic4 | 12 (13.5%) | 15 (14.3%) | 27 (13.9%) | .87 |
Sedative/hypnotic5 | 24 (27.0%) | 17 (16.2%) | 43 (22.2%) | .07 |
1Mirtazapine (five cases, two controls), St John’s Wort (one case), bupropion (one case).
2Amitriptyline (three cases), nortriptyline (five cases, one control), clomipramine (one case).
3Lithium or valproate.
4Quetiapine (10 cases, 10 controls), olanzapine (0 cases, 2 controls), aripiprazole (1 case, 1 control), risperidone (1 case, 2 controls).
5Benzodiazepines, gabapentin, pregabalin or zopiclone.