KLF5 stimulates fibrogenesis via TGF-β1. A) Representative Western blotting results of TGF-β1 in the kidney after MK treatment. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. 5/6Nx-V, #P < 0.01 vs. 5/6Nx-5 mpk (means ± sem; n = 6–9). B) Representative data for TGF-β1 immunostaining in kidney after MK treatment. Scale bars, 50 μm. Representative immunofluorescence double staining of Megalin (green, proximal tubules), NCC (green, distal tubules), AQP2 (green, collecting ducts), and TGF-β1 (red) in kidneys of mice. Scale bars, 40 μm. C) Effect of MK on TGF-β1 protein (24 h) in HK-2 cells. **P < 0.01 vs. vehicle (means ± sem; n = 3). D) Effect of KLF5 knockdown using KLF5 siRNA on TGF-β1 protein expression. GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. **P < 0.01 vs. vehicle (means ± sem; n = 3).