Figure. Comparison of the Performance of 3 Modeling Approaches Using Prehospitalization, Preoperative, and Perioperative Data for Acute Kidney Injury.

Logistic regression with elastic net selection (A), random forest (B), and gradient boosting machine (C) methods used for modeling. The cyan line is the model containing prehospitalization variables. The orange line is the model using preoperative variables (including prehospitalization variables). The navy line is the model using perioperative data (including preoperative and prehospitalization variables). Receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for each model using prehospitalization, preoperative, and perioperative variable groups are shown in the test set. The AUC or C-statistic is calculated along with 95% CIs. The DeLong et al²⁸ test indicates a significant difference between model AUCs (P < .001).