Figure 1. Characteristics of References to the Article by Wakefield et al by Year of Publication.

Other characteristic categories include conceptual, contrastive, methodologic, and persuasive and include a total of 55 publications. A partial retraction to the article by Wakefield et al¹⁶ was published in 2004,¹⁷ and another retraction was published in 2010.¹⁸